Aims

To verify the feasibility of a home-based early stimulation program targeting visual and motor functions in preterm infants with delayed visual tracking.

Method

We applied a randomized controlled trial. We included thirty low-risk preterm infants, from both genders, with delayed visual tracking, gestational between 28–37 weeks, and age at entrance between 1-2 months of corrected age, and absence of visual impairments. Infants were divided into two groups as follows: a) standard care group (SC) that received general orientation about sensory and motor development (16 infants); b) experimental group, that received a four-week home-based early stimulation program targeting visual and motor functions (ESPVM) applied by the caregivers (14 infants). The feasibility outcomes were retention and loss rates, adherence, adverse events, and stress signals. We obtained preliminary data by comparing visual tracking, motor development, and sensory behavior between groups at the end of the intervention.

Results

Retention rate was high, 90 % of the caregivers provided ESPVM at least 22 days, and 70 % provided SC at least 17 days. No adverse events were reported. At the end of intervention, the ESPVM group presented higher frequencies of complete visual tracking for cards 7 (ESPVM = 57.3 %, SC = 6.3 %, p = 0.006) and 8 (ESPVM = 64.3 %, SC = 12.2 %, p = 0.013), and lower scores for total sensory profile (ESPVM: median = 58, range = 46–69; SC: median = 71, range = 54–90; p = 0.016). The groups were similar for motor development.

Conclusions

The protocol was feasible, and the results encourage a larger randomized controlled trial.

中文翻译：

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针对延迟追踪早产儿视觉和运动功能的家庭早期刺激计划：随机临床试验的可行性

宗旨

验证针对具有延迟视觉跟踪的早产儿视觉和运动功能的基于家庭的早期刺激计划的可行性。

方法

我们应用了一项随机对照试验。我们纳入了 30 名两性的低风险早产儿，他们的视力追踪延迟、妊娠期在 28-37 周之间、入学年龄在 1-2 个月的校正年龄之间，并且没有视力障碍。婴儿分为以下两组： a) 接受关于感觉和运动发育的一般指导的标准护理组 (SC)（16 名婴儿）；b) 实验组，该组接受由护理人员（14 名婴儿）应用的针对视觉和运动功能 (ESPVM) 的为期 4 周的家庭早期刺激计划。可行性结果是保留率和丢失率、依从性、不良事件和压力信号。我们通过在干预结束时比较各组之间的视觉跟踪、运动发展和感觉行为来获得初步数据。

结果

保留率很高，90% 的护理人员提供 ESPVM 至少 22 天，70% 提供 SC 至少 17 天。没有报告不良事件。在干预结束时，ESPVM 组对卡片 7（ESPVM = 57.3 %，SC = 6.3 %，p = 0.006）和 8（ESPVM = 64.3 %，SC = 12.2 %，p = 0.013）表现出更高的完全视觉跟踪频率)，以及较低的总感觉特征得分（ESPVM：中位数 = 58，范围 = 46–69；SC：中位数 = 71，范围 = 54–90；p = 0.016）。这些组的运动发育相似。

结论

该方案是可行的，结果鼓励进行更大的随机对照试验。