Background: Paravalvular leak (PVL) is a well-known complication of aortic valve replacement. Currently, there is no consensus on optimal intraoperative management of patients with mild-to-moderate or moderate PVL.

中文翻译：

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四种新颖的缝合密封技术修复不同大小的瓣周漏

背景：瓣周漏 (PVL) 是主动脉瓣置换术的众所周知的并发症。目前，对于轻中度或中度 PVL 患者的最佳术中管理尚未达成共识。