The Kessler Distress Scale (K10) is a self-report scale for the assessment of non-specific psychological distress in the general and clinical population. Because of its ease of application and good psychometric properties, the K10 has been adapted to several cultures. The present study seeks to adapt the K10 to Brazilian Portuguese and estimate its validity evidence and reliability. A total of 1914 individuals from the general population participated in the study (age = 34.88, SD = 13.61, 77.7% female). The adjustment indices were compared among three different measurement models proposed for the K10 through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The items’ properties were analyzed by Andrich’s Rating Scale Model (RSM). Furthermore, evidence based on relations to other variables (depression, stress, anxiety, positive and negative affects, and satisfaction with life) was estimated. CFA indicated the adequacy of the bifactor model (CFI= 0.985; TLI= 0.973; SMR= 0.019; RMSEA= 0.050), composed of two specific factors (depression and anxiety) and one general factor (psychological distress), corresponding to the theoretical hypothesis. Additionally, it was observed multiple-group invariance by gender and age range. The RSM provided an understanding of the organization of the continuum represented by the psychological distress construct (items difficulty), which varied from −0.89 to 1.00; good adjustment indexes; infit between 0.67 and 1.32; outfit between 0.68 and 1.34; and desirable reliability, α= 0.87. Lastly, theoretically coherent associations with the external variables were observed. It is concluded that the Brazilian version of the K10 is a suitable measure of psychological distress for the Brazilian population.

中文翻译：

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凯斯勒苦恼量表 (K10) 的跨文化适应和心理测量特性：评级量表模型的应用

凯斯勒困扰量表 (K10) 是一种自我报告量表，用于评估一般和临床人群的非特定心理困扰。由于其易于应用和良好的心理测量特性，K10 已适应多种文化。本研究旨在使 K10 适应巴西葡萄牙语，并评估其有效性证据和可靠性。共有来自普通人群的 1914 人参与了这项研究（年龄 = 34.88，SD = 13.61，77.7% 为女性）。通过验证性因素分析 (CFA)，对 K10 提出的三种不同测量模型之间的调整指数进行了比较。项目的属性通过 Andrich 的评级量表模型 (RSM) 进行分析。此外，基于与其他变量（抑郁、压力、焦虑、积极和消极影响、和对生活的满意度）进行估计。CFA 表明双因素模型的充分性（CFI= 0.985；TLI= 0.973；SMR= 0.019；RMSEA= 0.050），由两个特定因素（抑郁和焦虑）和一个一般因素（心理困扰）组成，对应于理论假设. 此外，还观察到性别和年龄范围的多组不变性。RSM 提供了对由心理困扰结构（项目难度）表示的连续统的组织的理解，从 -0.89 到 1.00；良好的调整指标；介于 0.67 和 1.32 之间；装备在 0.68 和 1.34 之间；和理想的可靠性，α= 0.87。最后，观察到与外部变量的理论上一致的关联。