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Spiritual and religious competencies in psychology.
American Psychologist ( IF 16.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-15 , DOI: 10.1037/amp0000821
Cassandra Vieten 1 , David Lukoff 2
Affiliation  

Religion and spirituality (R/S) are important aspects of human diversity that should be explicitly addressed in the field of psychology. The field has already included R/S in its definitions of multiculturalism, but while multicultural training is routinely included in doctoral level psychology course work and internship programs, it rarely includes specific training in R/S diversity. Polls of the American public indicate that religion and spirituality are important in most people’s lives, and hundreds of studies demonstrate empirical links between R/S and psychological health and well-being. In clinical practice, there is evidence that clients would prefer to have their R/S addressed in psychotherapy. However, R/S issues are typically neither discussed in psychotherapy nor included in assessment or treatment planning. In research, religion and spirituality are often assessed with a single item on religious affiliation. Psychologists receive little or no training in R/S issues, in part because no agreed upon set of spiritual competencies or training guidelines exist. This article summarizes the rationale for including religious and spiritual competencies in psychology training and practice, reviews research establishing a set of religious and spiritual competencies (attitudes, knowledge, and skills) that we propose all psychologists should demonstrate, and provides practical recommendations for inquiring about religion and spirituality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

中文翻译:

心理学中的精神和宗教能力。

宗教和灵性 (R/S) 是人类多样性的重要方面,应在心理学领域明确解决。该领域已经将 R/S 纳入其对多元文化主义的定义,但虽然多元文化培训通常包含在博士水平的心理学课程和实习计划中,但它很少包括 R/S 多样性的具体培训。美国公众的民意调查表明,宗教和灵性在大多数人的生活中都很重要,数百项研究证明了 R/S 与心理健康和幸福之间的经验联系。在临床实践中,有证据表明客户更愿意在心理治疗中解决他们的 R/S。然而,R/S 问题通常既不在心理治疗中讨论,也不包括在评估或治疗计划中。在研究中,宗教和灵性通常用一个关于宗教信仰的项目来评估。心理学家在 R/S 问题上接受的培训很少或根本没有,部分原因是没有达成一致的精神能力或培训指导方针。本文总结了将宗教和精神能力纳入心理学培训和实践的基本原理,回顾了建立一套我们建议所有心理学家都应该展示的宗教和精神能力(态度、知识和技能)的研究,并为探究这些能力提供了实用建议宗教和灵性。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)部分原因是没有商定的一套精神能力或培训指南。本文总结了将宗教和精神能力纳入心理学培训和实践的基本原理,回顾了建立一套我们建议所有心理学家都应该展示的宗教和精神能力(态度、知识和技能)的研究,并为探究这些能力提供了实用建议宗教和灵性。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)部分原因是没有商定的一套精神能力或培训指南。本文总结了将宗教和精神能力纳入心理学培训和实践的基本原理,回顾了建立一套我们建议所有心理学家都应该展示的宗教和精神能力(态度、知识和技能)的研究,并为探究这些能力提供了实用建议宗教和灵性。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)和技能)我们建议所有心理学家都应该展示,并为探究宗教和灵性提供实用的建议。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)和技能)我们建议所有心理学家都应该展示,并为探究宗教和灵性提供实用的建议。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)
更新日期:2021-07-15
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