In the present paper, a comprehensive, wall-adapted zonal URANS/LES methodology is shown for the multidimensional simulation of modern direct-injection engines. This work is the latest update of a zonal hybrid turbulence modeling approach, specifically developed by the authors for a flexible description of in-cylinder turbulent flow features with an optimal balance between computational costs and accuracy. Compared to the previous developments, a specific near-wall treatment is added, in order to preserve full-URANS behavior in the first near-wall cells, having in mind typically available mesh resolution in this part of the fluid domain. The updated methodology is applied to the multi-cycle simulation of a reference single-cylinder optical engine, which features a twin-cam, overhead-valve pent-roof cylinder head, and is representative of the current generation of spark-ignited direct-injection thermal power units. Results based on phase-specific flow field statistics and synthetic quality indices demonstrate the consistency and effectiveness of the proposed methodology, which is then qualified as a suitable candidate for affordable scale-resolving analyses of cycle to cycle variability (CCV) phenomena in direct-injection engines.

在本文中，展示了一种用于现代直喷发动机的多维模拟的全面的、适应壁面的分区 URANS/LES 方法。这项工作是区域混合湍流建模方法的最新更新，由作者专门开发用于灵活描述缸内湍流特征，并在计算成本和准确性之间取得最佳平衡。与之前的开发相比，添加了特定的近壁处理，以保持第一个近壁单元中的全 URANS 行为，同时考虑到流体域这部分中通常可用的网格分辨率。更新后的方法应用于参考单缸光学发动机的多循环仿真，该发动机具有双凸轮顶置气门顶棚顶缸盖，是当代火花点火直喷火电机组的代表。基于特定相流场统计数据和合成质量指数的结果证明了所提出方法的一致性和有效性，然后该方法被认为是对直接注射中循环到循环变化 (CCV) 现象进行负担得起的尺度解析分析的合适候选者引擎。