Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex psychiatric disease characterized by mood swings that include episodes of mania and depression. Given its cyclical nature, BD is especially hard to model; however, the standard practice has been to mimic manic episodes in animal models. Despite scientific advances, the pathophysiology of BD is not fully understood, and treatment remains limited. In the last years, natural products have emerged as potential neuroprotective agents for the treatment of psychiatric diseases. Thus, the aim of this review was to explore the therapeutic potential of natural compounds and derivatives against BD, taking into account preclinical and clinical studies. Reliable articles indexed in databases such as PubMed, Web of Science and Science Direct were used. In clinical studies, treatment with herbal plants extracts, omega-3, inositol, n-acetylcysteine and vitamin D has been associated with a clinical improvement in symptoms of mania and depression in BD patients. In animal models, it has been shown that red fruits extracts, curcumin, quercetin, gallic acid, alpha-lipoic acid and carvone can modulate many neurochemical pathways involved in the pathophysiology of manic episodes. Thus, this review appointed the advances in the consumption of natural compounds and derivatives as an important therapeutic strategy to mitigate the symptoms of BD.

中文翻译：

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使用天然化合物和衍生物治疗双相情感障碍的治疗方法：强调躁狂期的实验模型。

双相情感障碍 (BD) 是一种复杂的精神疾病，其特征是情绪波动，包括​​躁狂和抑郁发作。鉴于其周期性，BD 尤其难以建模。然而，标准做法是在动物模型中模拟躁狂发作。尽管科学取得了进步，但 BD 的病理生理学尚不完全清楚，治疗仍然有限。在过去几年中，天然产物已成为治疗精神疾病的潜在神经保护剂。因此，本综述的目的是探索天然化合物和衍生物对 BD 的治疗潜力，同时考虑到临床前和临床研究。使用了在 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Science Direct 等数据库中索引的可靠文章。在临床研究中，用草本植物提取物 omega-3 进行治疗，肌醇、n-乙酰半胱氨酸和维生素 D 与 BD 患者躁狂和抑郁症状的临床改善有关。在动物模型中，已经表明红色水果提取物、姜黄素、槲皮素、没食子酸、α-硫辛酸和香芹酮可以调节与躁狂发作的病理生理学有关的许多神经化学途径。因此，本综述将天然化合物和衍生物消费的进展指定为减轻 BD 症状的重要治疗策略。α-硫辛酸和香芹酮可以调节涉及躁狂发作病理生理学的许多神经化学途径。因此，本综述将天然化合物和衍生物消费的进展指定为减轻 BD 症状的重要治疗策略。α-硫辛酸和香芹酮可以调节涉及躁狂发作病理生理学的许多神经化学途径。因此，本综述将天然化合物和衍生物消费的进展指定为减轻 BD 症状的重要治疗策略。