Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are huge protein assemblies within the nuclear envelope (NE) that serve as selective gates for macromolecular transport between nucleus and cytoplasm. When higher eukaryotic cells prepare for division, they rapidly disintegrate NPCs during NE breakdown such that nuclear and cytoplasmic components mix to enable the formation of a cytoplasmic mitotic spindle. At the end of mitosis, reassembly of NPCs is coordinated with the establishment of the NE around decondensing chromatin. We review recent progress on mitotic NPC disassembly and reassembly, focusing on vertebrate cells. We highlight novel mechanistic insights into how NPCs are rapidly disintegrated into conveniently reusable building blocks, and put divergent models of (post-)mitotic NPC assembly into a spatial and temporal context.

核孔复合物 (NPC) 是核膜 (NE) 内的巨大蛋白质组装体，可作为大分子在细胞核和细胞质之间转运的选择性门。当高等真核细胞准备分裂时，它们会在 NE 分解过程中迅速分解 NPC，从而使核和细胞质成分混合，从而形成细胞质有丝分裂纺锤体。在有丝分裂结束时，NPC 的重新组装与去浓缩染色质周围 NE 的建立相协调。我们回顾了有丝分裂 NPC 拆卸和重组的最新进展，重点是脊椎动物细胞。我们强调了关于 NPC 如何快速分解成方便可重复使用的构建块的新机制见解，并将（后）有丝分裂 NPC 组装的不同模型置于空间和时间背景中。