Narrow-bandgap materials possess the intriguing optical-electric properties and unique structures, which can be widely applied in the field of photonics, energy optoelectronic sensing and biomedicine, etc. Nowadays, the researches on nonlinear optical properties of narrow-bandgap materials have attracted extensive attention worldwide. In this paper, we review the progress of narrow-bandgap materials from many aspects, such as background, nonlinear optical properties, energy band structure, methods of preparation, and applications. These materials have obvious nonlinear optical characteristics and the interaction with the short pulse laser excitation shows the extremely strong nonlinear absorption characteristics, which leads to the optical limiting or saturable absorption related to Pauli blocking and excited state absorption. Especially, some of these novel narrow-bandgap materials have been utilized for the generation of ultrashort pulse that covers the range from the visible to mid-infrared wavelength regions. Hence, the study on these materials paves a new way for the advancement of optoelctronics devices.

窄带隙材料具有引人入胜的光电特性和独特的结构，可广泛应用于光子学、能量光电传感和生物医学等领域。全世界的关注。在本文中，我们从背景、非线性光学特性、能带结构、制备方法和应用等多个方面回顾了窄带隙材料的进展。这些材料具有明显的非线性光学特性，与短脉冲激光激发的相互作用表现出极强的非线性吸收特性，导致与泡利阻滞和激发态吸收相关的光学限制或饱和吸收。尤其，这些新型窄带隙材料中的一些已被用于产生覆盖从可见光到中红外波长区域的超短脉冲。因此，对这些材料的研究为光电子器件的进步铺平了新的道路。