In their search for an alternative to commercial adsorbents, much research is turned to the local biomass-based materials such as agricultural residues and assimilated derivatives. However, natural biomass due to its low specific surface area must first undergo several pre-treatments. Among the newly emerging electric techniques for environmental applications, those who operate at atmospheric pressure (Non-thermal plasma) have recently found many breakthrough applications arising from their easy use with no extra additional reagents and their high reactivity. The Non-thermal plasma treatment of biomass is one of the promising developed approaches mainly due to significant effects including the formation of micro and macrospores, the increase of surface roughness, and surface functionalization. The most used plasma is non-thermal, so as not to denature the biomass, likewise the hot plasma can burn and/or destroy high contains carbon biomaterials. Especially, the gliding arc plasma obtained using moisten air as feeding gas, which is known to induce acidifying and oxidizing effects in an aqueous target. The primary species HO• radicals [E° (HO•/H₂O) = 2.85 V/SHE] mainly formed in the arc will be with the dimer H₂O₂ [E°(H₂O₂/H₂O) = 1.76 V/SHE] the determining agents for the chemical reactions induced. Exposure of a target to this kind of environment is likely to promote great surface transformations. This approach has some advantages: (i) the merit of not using commercial chemical reagents, the reactive species being in situ generated; (ii) the risks related to the manipulation of the products, the plasma reactor is robust and can be modulated to treat large quantity; (iii) the efficiency of the bi-functionality of the plasma (acidifier and oxidative). In this review, we will highlight the main changes induced by exposure of biomass to plasma treatment and also make a comparative study between chemically and plasma-activated materials in the removal of various pollutants from aqueous solution; and finally, we summarize the findings in the existing literature.

在寻找商业吸附剂的替代品时，许多研究转向了当地的基于生物质的材料，如农业残留物和同化衍生物。然而，天然生物质由于其比表面积低，必须首先进行几次预处理。在用于环境应用的新兴电气技术中，那些在大气压（非热等离子体）下操作的技术最近发现了许多突破性的应用，这些应用因其易于使用而无需额外的额外试剂和高反应性。生物质的非热等离子体处理是有前途的发展方法之一，主要是由于显着的影响，包括微孢子和大孢子的形成、表面粗糙度的增加和表面功能化。最常用的等离子体是非热等离子体，为了不使生物质变性，同样热等离子体可以燃烧和/或破坏高含碳生物材料。特别是，使用潮湿空气作为进料气体获得的滑动电弧等离子体，已知这会在水性靶中引起酸化和氧化作用。主要物种 HO• 自由基 [E° (HO•/H₂ O) = 2.85 V/SHE] 主要在电弧中形成，将与二聚体 H ₂ O ₂ [E°(H ₂ O ₂ /H ₂O) = 1.76 V/SHE] 诱导化学反应的决定因素。将目标暴露在这种环境中可能会促进巨大的表面转变。这种方法有一些优点：(i) 不使用商业化学试剂的优点，原位产生活性物质；(ii) 与产品操作相关的风险，等离子反应器坚固耐用，可调节以处理大量；(iii) 等离子体的双功能（酸化剂和氧化剂）的效率。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍生物质暴露于等离子体处理引起的主要变化，并对化学和等离子体活化材料在去除水溶液中的各种污染物方面进行比较研究；最后，我们总结了现有文献中的发现。