BACKGROUND The role of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in preventing asthma and other allergic diseases has been widely explored via many randomized controlled trials. However, the results on the effect of their supplementation during infancy to the incidence of allergic rhinitis or asthma, are conflicting.The study was designed to bring to light the potential effects of pro-, pre-, and synbiotics supplementation in early childhood with regard to the future occurrence of allergic diseases. METHOD The results of randomized controlled trials were searched for in several medical data bases. The study protocol was prepared in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and applied a Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. Two writers were designed to perform studies selection. RESULTS Eleven randomized controlled trials, among 1659 children (525 in the probiotic group, 342 in prebiotic group, 128 in synbiotic group and 833 in control groups) were analyzed. There was no difference in asthma risk development between the groups that received probiotics or placebo. We observed lower risk of asthma in children receiving prebiotic and synbiotic than in control groups. CONCLUSION The current study indicates that probiotics supplementation in the first months after birth does not decrease the risk of asthma development in the first years of life in high-risk children, although prebiotics and synbiotics may be the potential preventive factors that reduce the incidence of asthma in children.

中文翻译：

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产后服用益生菌并不能预防儿童哮喘，但使用益生元或合生元可能是降低高危儿童哮喘频率的有效潜在策略——一项临床试验的荟萃分析。

背景 益生菌、益生元和合生元在预防哮喘和其他过敏性疾病中的作用已通过许多随机对照试验得到广泛探索。然而，关于婴儿期补充它们对过敏性鼻炎或哮喘发病率影响的结果是相互矛盾的。该研究旨在揭示儿童早期补充益生元、前生元和合生元的潜在影响以免将来发生过敏性疾病。方法 在几个医学数据库中检索随机对照试验的结果。研究方案是根据 PRISMA 指南准备的，并在随机试验中应用了修订的 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具。设计了两名作家来进行研究选择。结果 11 项随机对照试验，对 1659 名儿童（益生菌组 525 名，益生元组 342 名，合生元组 128 名，对照组 833 名）进行了分析。接受益生菌或安慰剂的组之间的哮喘风险发展没有差异。我们观察到接受益生元和合生元的儿童患哮喘的风险低于对照组。结在儿童中。接受益生菌或安慰剂的组之间的哮喘风险发展没有差异。我们观察到接受益生元和合生元的儿童患哮喘的风险低于对照组。结在儿童中。接受益生菌或安慰剂的组之间的哮喘风险发展没有差异。我们观察到接受益生元和合生元的儿童患哮喘的风险低于对照组。结在儿童中。