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Biophysical applications in structural and molecular biology
Biological Chemistry ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-04 , DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0232
Solomon Tsegaye 1 , Gobena Dedefo 2 , Mohammed Mehdi 3
Affiliation  

The main objective of structural biology is to model proteins and other biological macromolecules and link the structural information to function and dynamics. The biological functions of protein molecules and nucleic acids are inherently dependent on their conformational dynamics. Imaging of individual molecules and their dynamic characteristics is an ample source of knowledge that brings new insights about mechanisms of action. The atomic-resolution structural information on most of the biomolecules has been solved by biophysical techniques; either by X-ray diffraction in single crystals or by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in solution. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is emerging as a new tool for analysis of a larger macromolecule that couldn’t be solved by X-ray crystallography or NMR. Now a day’s low-resolution Cryo-EM is used in combination with either X-ray crystallography or NMR. The present review intends to provide updated information on applications like X-ray crystallography, cryo-EM and NMR which can be used independently and/or together in solving structures of biological macromolecules for our full comprehension of their biological mechanisms.

中文翻译:

结构和分子生物学中的生物物理应用

结构生物学的主要目标是对蛋白质和其他生物大分子进行建模,并将结构信息与功能和动力学联系起来。蛋白质分子和核酸的生物学功能本质上取决于它们的构象动力学。单个分子及其动态特征的成像是丰富的知识来源,可为作用机制带来新的见解。大多数生物分子的原子分辨率结构信息已通过生物物理技术解决;通过单晶中的 X 射线衍射或溶液中的核磁共振 (NMR) 光谱。低温电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 正在成为一种新工具,用于分析无法通过 X 射线晶体学或 NMR 解决的较大大分子。现在,一天的低分辨率 Cryo-EM 与 X 射线晶体学或 NMR 结合使用。本综述旨在提供有关 X 射线晶体学、冷冻电镜和 NMR 等应用的最新信息,这些应用可以独立和/或一起用于解决生物大分子的结构,以便我们全面了解它们的生物学机制。
更新日期:2021-07-04
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