Histone nonenzymatic covalent modifications (NECMs) have recently emerged as an understudied class of posttranslational modifications that regulate chromatin structure and function. These NECMs alter the surface topology of histone proteins, their interactions with DNA and chromatin regulators, as well as compete for modification sites with enzymatic posttranslational modifications. NECM formation depends on the chemical compatibility between a reactive molecule and its target site, in addition to their relative stoichiometries. Here we survey the chemical reactions and conditions that govern the addition of NECMs onto histones as a manual to guide the identification of new physiologically relevant chemical adducts. Characterizing NECMs on chromatin is critical to attain a comprehensive understanding of this new chapter of the so-called "histone code".

中文翻译：

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组蛋白非酶修饰的化学领域指南。

组蛋白非酶共价修饰 (NECMs) 最近已成为一类调节染色质结构和功能的翻译后修饰，尚未得到充分研究。这些 NECM 改变了组蛋白的表面拓扑结构、它们与 DNA 和染色质调节剂的相互作用，并通过酶促翻译后修饰竞争修饰位点。NECM 的形成取决于反应分子与其靶位点之间的化学相容性，以及它们的相对化学计量。在这里，我们调查了将 NECMs 添加到组蛋白上的化学反应和条件，作为指导识别新的生理相关化学加合物的手册。对染色质上的 NECM 进行表征对于全面理解所谓的“