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Lipid droplets in the nervous system
The Journal of Cell Biology Pub Date : 2021-06-21 , DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202102136
Isha Ralhan 1, 2 , Chi-Lun Chang 3 , Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz 3 , Maria S Ioannou 1, 2, 4, 5
Affiliation  

Lipid droplets are dynamic intracellular lipid storage organelles that respond to the physiological state of cells. In addition to controlling cell metabolism, they play a protective role for many cellular stressors, including oxidative stress. Despite prior descriptions of lipid droplets appearing in the brain as early as a century ago, only recently has the role of lipid droplets in cells found in the brain begun to be understood. Lipid droplet functions have now been described for cells of the nervous system in the context of development, aging, and an increasing number of neuropathologies. Here, we review the basic mechanisms of lipid droplet formation, turnover, and function and discuss how these mechanisms enable lipid droplets to function in different cell types of the nervous system under healthy and pathological conditions.

中文翻译:

神经系统中的脂滴

脂滴是动态的细胞内脂质储存细胞器,对细胞的生理状态做出反应。除了控制细胞代谢之外,它们还对许多细胞应激源(包括氧化应激)发挥保护作用。尽管早在一个世纪前就有关于脂滴出现在大脑中的描述,但直到最近人们才开始了解脂滴在大脑细胞中的作用。现在已经描述了神经系统细胞在发育、衰老和越来越多的神经病理学背景下的脂滴功能。在这里,我们回顾了脂滴形成、周转和功能的基本机制,并讨论了这些机制如何使脂滴在健康和病理条件下在神经系统的不同细胞类型中发挥作用。
更新日期:2021-06-21
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