Pediatric demyelinating syndromes are a spectrum of diseases affecting the central nervous system. In the past decade, major advances have been made in this field, including the discovery of antibody-based biomarkers and treatment guidelines for specific syndromes. When myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies were first discovered, they were thought to be a biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS). However, further research has shown that MOG positivity during the first episode of a pediatric demyelinating syndrome is a predictor of a course that is distinct to MS. This article discusses the clinical manifestations of MOG antibody associated disease and key distinguishing features in the investigation, treatment, and prognosis between MOG and other demyelinating diseases. [Pediatr Ann. 2021;50(6):e254-e258.].

中文翻译：

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髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体相关疾病：表现、诊断和管理。

小儿脱髓鞘综合征是一系列影响中枢神经系统的疾病。在过去十年中，该领域取得了重大进展，包括发现基于抗体的生物标志物和针对特定综合征的治疗指南。当髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白 (MOG) 抗体首次被发现时，它们被认为是多发性硬化症 (MS) 的生物标志物。然而，进一步的研究表明，在小儿脱髓鞘综合征的第一次发作期间 MOG 阳性是一个与 MS 不同的病程的预测因子。本文讨论了 MOG 抗体相关疾病的临床表现以及 MOG 与其他脱髓鞘疾病的调查、治疗和预后的关键区别特征。[小儿安。2021;50(6):e254-e258.]。