During the 1920s, acute rheumatic fever (ARF) was the leading cause of mortality in children in the United States. By the 1980s, many felt ARF had all but disappeared from the US. However, although ARF and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) rates remain low in the US today, disease burden is unequal and tracks along other disparities of cardiovascular health. It is estimated that 1% to 3% of patients with untreated group A streptococcus (GAS) infection, most typically GAS pharyngitis, will develop ARF, and of these, up to 60% of cases will result in chronic RHD. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of ARF/RHD to increase awareness of ARF/RHD for clinicians based in the US. [Pediatr Ann. 2021;50(3):e98-e104.].

中文翻译：

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美国的风湿热和风湿性心脏病。

在 1920 年代，急性风湿热 (ARF) 是美国儿童死亡的主要原因。到 1980 年代，许多人认为 ARF 几乎从美国消失了。然而，尽管当今美国的 ARF 和风湿性心脏病 (RHD) 发病率仍然很低，但疾病负担是不平等的，并且与心血管健康的其他差异有关。据估计，未经治疗的 A 组链球菌 (GAS) 感染（最常见的是 GAS 咽炎）患者中，有 1% 至 3% 会发展为 ARF，其中高达 60% 的病例会导致慢性 RHD。本文回顾了 ARF/RHD 的流行病学、发病机制、诊断和管理，以提高美国临床医生对 ARF/RHD 的认识。[小儿安。2021;50(3):e98-e104.]。