Perceptual learning has been studied extensively using a procedure in which subjects (involving both humans and nonhuman animals) are exposed to two similar stimuli (to be referred to as AX and BX, where A and B represent distinctive features and X the features they hold in common), prior to a test of their ability to discriminate between AX and BX. Performance on the discrimination is found to be enhanced by this procedure, particularly if the preexposure arrangement involves intermixed presentations of AX and BX (a regime that might be expected to facilitate comparison of the stimuli). This perceptual learning effect has generated a range of theoretical interpretations that have focused, for the most part, on how exposure to a stimulus (or feature of a stimulus) can change its effectiveness, by which is meant its ability to command processing and to control responding. But a consensus is difficult to achieve, given that some aspects of what must be explained remain uncertain. Three issues are discussed here: Does appropriate exposure to the stimuli reduce the effectiveness of the common, X, elements? Does exposure enhance the effectiveness of the unique (A and B) elements? Are any such effects enhanced by the opportunity to compare the stimuli? It will require further experimental work to answer these questions, but raising them may promote this and thus facilitate achieving a satisfactory theoretical analysis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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感性学习中的一些未解决的问题。

感知学习已被广​​泛研究使用一种程序，其中受试者（包括人类和非人类动物）暴露于两种相似的刺激（称为 AX 和 BX，其中 A 和 B 代表独特的特征，X 代表他们所拥有的特征）常见），在测试他们区分 AX 和 BX 的能力之前。发现此程序增强了辨别性能，特别是如果曝光前安排涉及 AX 和 BX 的混合呈现（一种可能有助于比较刺激的制度）。这种知觉学习效应产生了一系列理论解释，在大多数情况下，这些解释都集中在暴露于刺激（或刺激的特征）如何改变其有效性上，这意味着它具有命令处理和控制响应的能力。但鉴于必须解释的某些方面仍不确定，因此难以达成共识。这里讨论了三个问题： 适当暴露于刺激是否会降低常见 X 元素的有效性？曝光是否会增强独特（A 和 B）元素的有效性？比较刺激的机会是否会增强任何此类效果？回答这些问题需要进一步的实验工作，但提出它们可能会促进这一点，从而有助于实现令人满意的理论分析。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。适当暴露于刺激是否会降低常见 X 元素的有效性？曝光是否会增强独特（A 和 B）元素的有效性？比较刺激的机会是否会增强任何此类效果？回答这些问题需要进一步的实验工作，但提出它们可能会促进这一点，从而有助于实现令人满意的理论分析。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。适当暴露于刺激是否会降低常见 X 元素的有效性？曝光是否会增强独特（A 和 B）元素的有效性？比较刺激的机会是否会增强任何此类效果？回答这些问题需要进一步的实验工作，但提出它们可能会促进这一点，从而有助于实现令人满意的理论分析。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。但是提高它们可能会促进这一点，从而有助于实现令人满意的理论分析。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。但是提高它们可能会促进这一点，从而有助于实现令人满意的理论分析。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。