Burmareed [Neyraudia reynaudiana (Kunth) Keng ex Hitchc.] is an aggressive invader of pine rockland communities in south Florida. Currently, it is managed by clipping the stems and later returning, when plants have regrown to approximately 50 cm in height, to administer applications of glyphosate to new foliar growth (a “cut–return–treat,” or CRT, strategy). This multi-visit strategy is time-consuming and may result in off-target effects due to the broad-spectrum nature of glyphosate. With this study we evaluated a cut-stem (CS) approach, in which stems are cut and immediately treated with herbicide. Further, we tested the efficacy of the selective graminicides sethoxydim and fluazifop-P-butyl. In a pot study, CS treatments included: glyphosate (239.7 g ae L−1) in water, sethoxydim (9.0 g ai L−1) or fluazifop-P-butyl (12.1 g ai L−1) in either basal oil or water, and triclopyr (47.9 g ae L−1) in basal oil. All CS treatments provided mortality and growth reduction comparable to the best CRT treatments (glyphosate, sethoxydim, and fluazifop-P-butyl) and were therefore evaluated under field conditions using the same application rates. Mortality was low in the field (≤30%) regardless of herbicide treatment. Overall, fluazifop-P-butyl provided greater control than sethoxydim, resulting in 71% and 94% relative growth reduction in total shoot length with oil and water carriers, respectively, compared with 50% and 43% reduction for sethoxydim. Fluazifop also provided control similar to triclopyr and glyphosate (≥65% reduction in total shoot length). Results suggest that CS treatments may be a viable strategy for managing N. reynaudiana and reducing management costs. However, more research is needed to optimize rates. Further, fluazifop-P-butyl allows for a more selective option than glyphosate that may decrease off-target effects on native understory vegetation in pine rocklands.

中文翻译：

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在美国南佛罗里达州 Pine Rocklands 使用禾本科植物杀灭剂处理 Burmareed (Neyraudia reynaudiana) 入侵的切茎处理

缅甸 [雷诺阿(Kunth) Keng ex Hitchc.] 是佛罗里达州南部松树岩地社区的侵略者。目前，它的管理方法是修剪茎干，然后在植物重新长到大约 50 厘米高时返回，以便将草甘膦施用到新的叶面生长（“切割-返回-处理”或 CRT 策略）。这种多次访问策略非常耗时，并且由于草甘膦的广谱性，可能会导致脱靶效应。通过这项研究，我们评估了切茎 (CS) 方法，其中茎被切掉并立即用除草剂处理。此外，我们测试了选择性禾本科杀草剂sethoxydim 和fluazifop-的功效。磷-丁基。在一项盆栽研究中，CS 处理包括：草甘膦（239.7 g ae L-1) 在水中，sethoxydim (9.0 g ai L-1) 或fluazifop-磷-丁基（12.1 g ai L-1) 在基础油或水中，以及绿草定 (47.9 g ae L-1) 在基础油中。所有 CS 治疗都提供了与最佳 CRT 治疗（草甘膦、sethoxydim 和fluazifop-磷-丁基），因此在田间条件下使用相同的施用率进行了评估。无论除草剂处理如何，田间的死亡率都很低（≤30%）。总体而言，氟唑磷-磷与sethoxydim 相比，-丁基提供了更好的控制，导致油和水载体的总枝条长度相对减少71% 和94%，而seth​​oxydim 减少50% 和43%。Fluazifop 还提供类似于绿草定和草甘膦的控制（总枝条长度减少≥65%）。结果表明，CS 治疗可能是一种可行的管理策略N. reynaudiana并降低管理成本。然而，需要更多的研究来优化费率。此外，fluazifop-磷-丁基允许比草甘膦更具选择性的选择，这可能会减少对松树岩地原生林下植被的脱靶影响。