The rise of working mothers radically changed the US economy and the role of women in society. In one of the first studies of the 1975 introduction of the Earned Income Tax Credit, I find that this program increased maternal employment by 6 percent, representing 1 million mothers and an elasticity of 0.58. The EITC may help explain why the US has long had such a high fraction of working mothers despite few childcare subsidies or parental leave policies. I also find suggestive evidence that this influx of working mothers affected social attitudes and led to higher approval of working women.

中文翻译：

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职业母亲的兴起和 1975 年的收入所得税抵免

职业母亲的崛起从根本上改变了美国经济和女性在社会中的角色。在 1975 年引入劳动所得税抵免的首批研究中，我发现该计划使孕产妇就业增加了 6%，代表了 100 万名母亲，弹性为 0.58。EITC 可能有助于解释为什么美国长期以来一直有如此高比例的职业母亲，尽管几乎没有育儿补贴或育儿假政策。我还发现了一些暗示性的证据，表明这种职业母亲的涌入影响了社会态度，并导致了对职业女性的更高认可。