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Applicability of thermal energy storage in future low-temperature district heating systems – Case study using multi-scenario analysis
Energy Conversion and Management ( IF 10.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114518
Yichi Zhang 1 , Pär Johansson 1 , Angela Sasic Kalagasidis 1
Affiliation  

With the flexibilities added from thermal energy storage (TES) technologies, low temperature district heating (LTDH) system can coordinate the heat and electricity sectors in a cost-effective manner. Such combinations have therefore become an important step to achieve a 100% renewable energy system. Despite the importance of TES has been demonstrated in previous studies, giving drastic changes compared to the current systems, the practical applicability of TES in the LTDH systems remains unknown. Furthermore, the proposed benefits of TES might deviate from the expectations considering the development of future characteristics, such as the low temperature levels and small space-heating demand. This study investigates the performances and benefits of four typical short-term TES technologies, including the use of central water tank (CWT), district heating network inertia, domestic hot water tank (DHWT), and building thermal mass, based on a case LTDH system in Roskilde, Denmark. Techno-economic analysis is conducted on a variety of scenarios, based on future changes in operation of the heat sources to the end-users. An integrated model is also developed to simulate the operation dynamics of the district heating system with regards to optimizing the use of the TES units. This study provides a performance map of the TES technologies in accordance with the transitions from current to future LTDH systems, indicating the relationships between the system characteristics and optimal TES applications. The CWT is found to be most preferable for integrating the variable renewable energy due to its ability to store heat for long periods. In the end-use side, with the improved building performances and reduced space heating demand in the future, there is less potential for the use of building inertia. In contrary, the benefit of the DHWT, which mainly comes from the reduction of bypass loss during the non-space-heating period, is increased in the future. Furthermore, raising the network temperatures for active storage is found to be infeasible under all future LTDH scenarios because this measure significantly influences the heat source efficiency.



中文翻译:

热能储存在未来低温区域供热系统中的适用性——使用多场景分析的案例研究

由于热能储存 (TES) 技术增加了灵活性,低温区域供热 (LTDH) 系统可以以具有成本效益的方式协调热电部门。因此,这种组合已成为实现 100% 可再生能源系统的重要一步。尽管 TES 的重要性已在之前的研究中得到证明,与当前系统相比发生了巨大变化,但 TES 在 LTDH 系统中的实际适用性仍然未知。此外,考虑到未来特性的发展,例如低温水平和空间供暖需求小,TES 的拟议好处可能会偏离预期。本研究调查了四种典型的短期 TES 技术的性能和优势,包括使用中央水箱 (CWT)、区域供热网络惯性、生活热水箱 (DHWT) 和建筑热质量,基于丹麦罗斯基勒的案例 LTDH 系统。基于对终端用户的热源运行的未来变化,对各种场景进行技术经济分析。还开发了一个集成模型来模拟区域供热系统的运行动态,以优化 TES 单元的使用。本研究根据从当前到未来 LTDH 系统的过渡提供了 TES 技术的性能图,表明了系统特性与最佳 TES 应用之间的关系。发现 CWT 最适合整合可变可再生能源,因为它能够长期储存热量。在最终用途方面,随着未来建筑性能的提高和空间供暖需求的减少,建筑惯性的使用潜力越来越小。相反,DHWT的好处主要来自于非空间供暖期间旁路损失的减少,未来会增加。此外,在所有未来的 LTDH 情景下,提高主动存储的网络温度被认为是不可行的,因为这种措施会显着影响热源效率。

更新日期:2021-07-18
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