Abstract

Collagen is the most abundant structural protein in the body and the main component of the extracellular matrix of most tissues, including dentine and periodontal tissues. Despite the well-characterized role of collagen and specifically type-I collagen, as a ligand for host cells, its role as a substrate for bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation is less explored. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to discuss recent findings regarding the adhesion of oral bacteria to collagen surfaces and its role in the progression and severity of oral and systemic diseases. Initial oral colonizers such as streptococci have evolved collagen-binding proteins (cbp) that are important for the colonization of dentine and periodontal tissues. Also, periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia utilise cbps for tissue sensing and subsequent invasion. The implications of bacteria-collagen coupling in the context of collagen biomaterials and regenerative dentistry approaches are also addressed. Furthermore, the importance of interdisciplinary techniques such as atomic force microscopy for the nanocharacterization of bacteria-collagen interactions is also considered. Overall, understanding the process of oral bacterial adhesion onto collagen is important for developing future therapeutic approaches against oral and systemic diseases, by modulating the early stages of biofilm formation.

摘要

胶原蛋白是体内最丰富的结构蛋白，也是大多数组织细胞外基质的主要成分，包括牙本质和牙周组织。尽管胶原蛋白和特别是 I 型胶原蛋白作为宿主细胞的配体具有充分表征的作用，但其作为细菌粘附和生物膜形成底物的作用却鲜为人知。因此，本综述的目的是讨论最近关于口腔细菌粘附到胶原蛋白表面的发现及其在口腔和全身疾病的进展和严重程度中的作用。最初的口腔定植菌如链球菌已经进化出对牙本质和牙周组织定植很重要的胶原蛋白结合蛋白 (cbp)。此外，牙周病原菌如牙龈卟啉单胞菌和Tannerella forsythia利用 cbps 进行组织传感和随后的入侵。还讨论了在胶原蛋白生物材料和再生牙科方法中细菌-胶原蛋白偶联的影响。此外，还考虑了跨学科技术（例如原子力显微镜）对细菌-胶原相互作用的纳米表征的重要性。总体而言，通过调节生物膜形成的早期阶段，了解口腔细菌粘附到胶原蛋白上的过程对于开发针对口腔和全身疾病的未来治疗方法非常重要。