Background: The number of long-COVID is rising but it is not still clear which patients will develop long-covid and what will be the symptoms if they do.We followed up 95 patientswith confirmed COVID-19 after 9 months of the original study to delineate possible long COVID symptoms. Methods: The original study included 201 patients who were treated in a large referral center from March to May 2020. Ninty percent of the patients reported physical or psychological symptoms within 9 months post-COVID. Findings: Easy fatigability was the most common 51.04 % long-COVID symptoms followed by anxiety 38.54 %, dyspnea 38.54 %, and new headache 38.54%. There was no association between COVID-19 severity in the acute phase (admission status) and the number of long-COVID symptoms (F(1, 93) = 0.75, p = 0.45 (n.s.)), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) (F(1,93) = -0.49, p = 0.62 (n.s.), MOCA scores (F(1, 90) = 0.073, p = 0.787 (n.s.)) in the future. Being female (F(1, 92) = -2.27, p = 0.02), having a higher number of symptoms in the acute phase(F(1,93) = 2.76, p = 0.0068),and experiencing constitutional neuropsychiatric symptoms(F(1, 93)= 2.529, p = 0.01) in the acute phase were associated with higher occurance of CFS in follow up. Moreover, constitutional neuropsychiatric symptoms in acute phase were associated with cognitive dificits (lower MOCA score) (F(1, 93) = 10.84, p= 0.001) in the follow up. Conclusions: Severity of the acute disease does not seem to be related to long-COVID symptoms. However, specific clinical presentations might be predictors of distinct long-COVID symptoms. Constitutional neuropsychiatric symptoms in the acute phase are associated with important and debilitating chronic symptoms including chronic fatigue syndrome, and cognitive deficits. These results might pave the way for findingthe underlying mechanisms of long-COVID and provide additional insight into possible candidate treatments for COVID-19.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 的急性期临床表现与长期的 COVID 症状有关；一项为期 9 个月的随访研究

背景：长期 COVID 的数量正在增加，但尚不清楚哪些患者会发展为长期 Covid 以及如果他们这样做会出现什么症状。我们在原始研究 9 个月后随访了 95 名确诊为 COVID-19 的患者，描述可能的长期 COVID 症状。方法：最初的研究包括 201 名患者，他们于 2020 年 3 月至 5 月在大型转诊中心接受治疗。 90% 的患者在 COVID 后 9 个月内报告了身体或心理症状。结果：易疲劳是最常见的 51.04% 长期 COVID 症状，其次是焦虑 38.54%、呼吸困难 38.54% 和新发头痛 38.54%。急性期（入院状态）的 COVID-19 严重程度与长期 COVID 症状的数量（F(1, 93) = 0.75, p = 0.45 (ns)）、慢性疲劳综合征 (CFS)（ F(1,93) = -0。49, p = 0.62 (ns), MOCA 分数 (F(1, 90) = 0.073, p = 0.787 (ns)) 在未来。女性 (F(1, 92) = -2.27, p = 0.02)，在急性期症状较多 (F(1,93) = 2.76, p = 0.0068)，并经历全身性神经精神症状(F (1, 93)= 2.529, p = 0.01) 在急性期与更高的 CFS 发生率相关。此外，急性期的全身性神经精神症状与随访中的认知缺陷（较低的 MOCA 评分）（F(1, 93) = 10.84, p = 0.001）相关。结论：急性疾病的严重程度似乎与长期 COVID 症状无关。然而，特定的临床表现可能是不同的长期 COVID 症状的预测因素。急性期的全身性神经精神症状与重要且使人衰弱的慢性症状有关，包括慢性疲劳综合征和认知缺陷。这些结果可能为寻找长期 COVID 的潜在机制铺平道路，并为 COVID-19 的可能候选治疗方法提供更多见解。