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INFECTION PRESSURE IS NECESSARY, BUT NOT SUFFICIENT BY ITSELF, TO EXPLAIN TOXOPLASMA GONDII SEROPREVALENCE IN INTERMEDIATE HOST SPECIES
Journal of Parasitology ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-16 , DOI: 10.1645/21-28
Patrick L Taggart 1, 2 , Bronwyn A Fancourt 3, 4 , Wayne S J Boardman 1 , David E Peacock 1 , Charles G B Caraguel 1
Affiliation  

Parasite infection pressure is suggested to be a strong driver of transmission within ecosystems. We tested if infection pressure drives seroprevalence in intermediate host species for Toxoplasma gondii. We defined Toxoplasma infection pressure to intermediate host species as the combined influence of cat abundance, environmental conditions, and its prevalence in the cat population. We sampled and tested 2 species of rodent and collated information on Toxoplasma seroprevalence in koalas, wallabies, kangaroos, and sheep. All species were sampled using equivalent methods, within a 2-yr period, and from adjacent regions of low and high Toxoplasma infection pressure. The seroprevalence of Toxoplasma in kangaroos scaled with infection pressure, but we observed no statistical difference in seroprevalence for any other species between these 2 regions. Within the region of low infection pressure, Toxoplasma seroprevalence did not differ between species. However, within the region of high Toxoplasma infection pressure, we observed large variation in seroprevalence between species. Our results demonstrate that infection pressure is not sufficient by itself, but merely necessary, to drive Toxoplasma seroprevalence in intermediate host species. Where Toxoplasma seroprevalence in an intermediate host species is already low, further reducing infection pressure will not necessarily further decrease seroprevalence in those species. This has important ramifications for the mitigation of parasite infections and suggests that reductions in Toxoplasma infection pressure, intended to reduce infections, may be most effective and applicable to species that are known to experience high rates of infection.



中文翻译:

感染压力是必要的,但本身不足以解释弓形虫在中间宿主物种中的血清阳性率

寄生虫感染压力被认为是生态系统内传播的强大驱动力。我们测试了感染压力是否会驱动弓形虫中间宿主物种的血清阳性率。我们将弓形虫对中间宿主物种的感染压力定义为猫的数量、环境条件及其在猫种群中的流行程度的综合影响。我们对 2 种啮齿动物进行了采样和测试,并整理了有关考拉、小袋鼠、袋鼠和绵羊中弓形虫血清阳性率的信息。所有物种都使用等效方法在 2 年内从弓形虫感染压力低和高的相邻区域取样。弓形虫的血清阳性率袋鼠中的感染压力与感染压力成比例,但我们观察到这两个区域之间任何其他物种的血清阳性率没有统计学差异。在低感染压力区域内,弓形虫血清阳性率在物种之间没有差异。然而,在弓形虫感染压力高的区域内,我们观察到物种间血清阳性率存在很大差异。我们的结果表明,感染压力本身并不足以驱动中间宿主物种中的弓形虫血清阳性率,而仅仅是必要的。哪里有弓形虫中间宿主物种的血清阳性率已经很低,进一步降低感染压力不一定会进一步降低这些物种的血清阳性率。这对于减轻寄生虫感染具有重要影响,并表明旨在减少感染的弓形虫感染压力的降低可能最有效且适用于已知感染率高的物种。

更新日期:2021-07-18
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