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Potential use of the Caribbean spider crab Maguimithrax spinosissimus for biofouling removal on marine aquaculture cages
Aquaculture ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737202
Logan R. Zeinert 1, 2 , Annabelle M.L. Brooks 2 , Cyr Couturier 3 , Iain J. McGaw 1, 2
Affiliation  

Biofouling is a significant issue on marine aquaculture pens and is conservatively estimated to contribute to 15% of production costs. With a global increase in the demand for sustainable aquaculture products a search for sustainable non-toxic alternatives to chemical treatment and manual removal of biofouling organisms, such as biological control, are becoming more sought after. In the laboratory experiments Caribbean spider crabs (Maguimithrax spinosissimus) exhibited nocturnal patterns of activity. They consumed between 3.3 and 4.16% bodyweight (BW) of algae in 22–24 °C water, and between 5.61 and 8.55% BW in 26–28 °C water. Although this species is primarily herbivorous they also readily consumed whole fish (Lutjanus apodus). The spider crabs were placed on a heavily fouled, unoccupied SeaStation 3000 cage offshore of Eleuthera, The Bahamas, to determine their ability to remove fouling organisms. Large crabs (382 g – 1344 g) confined in mesh cages on the outside of the pen effectively removed between 40% (after two weeks), and 90% (after four weeks) of fouling organisms. Crabs were more effective at removing growth than manual scrubbing by a diver. Grazing by the crabs was non-discriminatory, with no significant change in the proportional makeup of epibionts at the end of the trial. The survival rates of crabs inside the cage varied between 50% and 55% when not including escapees, and between 66% and 94% when including escapees during 3 to 6 month trials, with no significant decline in health status (blood protein levels). The Caribbean spider crab is a good candidate both economically and environmentally for controlling biofouling on aquaculture cages, could be used in multi-trophic aquaculture systems, and marketed as an environmentally friendly seafood.



中文翻译:

加勒比蜘蛛蟹 Maguimithrax spinosissimus 在海水养殖网箱去除生物污垢方面的潜在用途

生物污垢是海水养殖围栏的一个重要问题,保守估计占生产成本的 15%。随着全球对可持续水产养殖产品需求的增加,寻找可持续的无毒替代品来替代化学处理和人工去除生物污垢生物,例如生物控制,正变得越来越受欢迎。在实验室实验中,加勒比蜘蛛蟹 ( Maguimithrax spinosissimus ) 表现出夜间活动模式。它们在 22–24 °C 的水中消耗了 3.3% 到 4.16% 体重 (BW) 的藻类,在 26–28 °C 的水中消耗了 5.61% 到 8.55% BW。虽然该物种主要是食草动物,但它们也很容易食用整条鱼(Lutjanus apodus)。蜘蛛蟹被放置在巴哈马伊柳塞拉近海一个严重污染、无人居住的 SeaStation 3000 笼子上,以确定它们去除污垢生物的能力。大螃蟹(382 克 – 1344 克)被限制在围栏外面的网状笼子里,有效地去除了 40%(两周后)和 90%(四个星期后)之间的污垢生物。螃蟹在去除生长方面比潜水员手动擦洗更有效。螃蟹放牧是非歧视性的,在试验结束时,表皮生物的比例构成没有显着变化。在 3 至 6 个月的试验中,笼内螃蟹的存活率在不包括逃逸者时在 50% 到 55% 之间变化,在包括逃生者时在 66% 和 94% 之间变化,健康状况(血液蛋白质水平)没有显着下降。

更新日期:2021-07-30
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