Silos are used worldwide to store products of high commercial value. However, many questions remain unanswered regarding storage and estimation of pressures in silos. Furthermore, there are few full-scale experimental stations in the world to facilitate the study of silo pressures, hindering progress in this area. The aim of this paper is to describe the setup, calibration, and validation of a pilot-scale test facility. The pilot silo described here contains 59 measurement cells capable of measuring loads and pressures throughout the silo. In addition, it can be used to study maximum and dynamic pressures in the filling, static, and discharge phases using a range of stored products. Validation of this test facility using maize yielded reliable and novel results, which were compared with Eurocode 1, part 4 (CEN, 2006). Pressures were obtained in the pilot silo at two different grain heights: 2.77 m and 5.30 m, and were evaluated in all three filling, static, and discharge phases. Normal and friction pressures in the silo, vertical stress at the silo–hopper transition, product weight, flow rate, and test time were recorded. The results obtained were consistent with the standard and the findings reported in other studies, demonstrating the accuracy of the pilot silo calibration and thus validating the experimental model. Some of the novel findings obtained include the moment of maximum pressure at the transition during discharge and the influence of silo slenderness on settling of the material during filling and under static conditions.

筒仓在全球范围内用于存储具有高商业价值的产品。然而，关于筒仓中的储存和压力估计，许多问题仍未得到解答。此外，世界上很少有完整的实验站来促进筒仓压力的研究，阻碍了该领域的进展。本文的目的是描述中试规模测试设施的设置、校准和验证。此处描述的试验筒仓包含 59 个测量单元，能够测量整个筒仓的负载和压力。此外，它还可用于使用一系列储存产品研究灌装、静态和排放阶段的最大和动态压力。使用玉米验证该测试设施产生了可靠且新颖的结果，并将其与欧洲规范 1 第 4 部分（CEN，2006）进行了比较。在试验筒仓中获得了两种不同谷物高度的压力：2.77 m 和 5.30 m，并在所有三个填充、静态和排放阶段进行评估。记录筒仓中的法向和摩擦压力、筒仓-料斗过渡处的垂直应力、产品重量、流速和测试时间。获得的结果与标准和其他研究报告的结果一致，证明了中试筒仓校准的准确性，从而验证了实验模型。获得的一些新发现包括卸料期间过渡时的最大压力时刻，以及筒仓细长对填充期间和静态条件下材料沉降的影响。和放电阶段。记录筒仓中的法向和摩擦压力、筒仓-料斗过渡处的垂直应力、产品重量、流速和测试时间。获得的结果与标准和其他研究报告的结果一致，证明了中试筒仓校准的准确性，从而验证了实验模型。获得的一些新发现包括卸料期间过渡时的最大压力时刻，以及筒仓细长对填充期间和静态条件下材料沉降的影响。和放电阶段。记录筒仓中的法向和摩擦压力、筒仓-料斗过渡处的垂直应力、产品重量、流速和测试时间。获得的结果与标准和其他研究报告的结果一致，证明了中试筒仓校准的准确性，从而验证了实验模型。获得的一些新发现包括卸料期间过渡时的最大压力时刻，以及筒仓细长对填充期间和静态条件下材料沉降的影响。证明了中试筒仓校准的准确性，从而验证了实验模型。获得的一些新发现包括卸料期间过渡时的最大压力时刻，以及筒仓细长对填充期间和静态条件下材料沉降的影响。证明了中试筒仓校准的准确性，从而验证了实验模型。获得的一些新发现包括卸料期间过渡时的最大压力时刻，以及筒仓细长对填充期间和静态条件下材料沉降的影响。