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Role-specific versus cross-role preparation for decision-making teams.
Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice ( IF 3.710 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-01 , DOI: 10.1037/gdn0000081
Rachel Kristine Linton , Shiral Critch , E. James Kehoe

The authors tested the effect of role-specific versus cross-role preparation on subsequent team-level performance in a complex, decision-making task, specifically a simulation of a business management team. Prior to forming 3-member teams for the simulation, participants were prepared individually for either one specific management role—marketing, operations, or finance—or across all three roles in rotation. Thereafter, teams whose members had role-specific preparation performed significantly better on objective measures of business performance (i.e., profit and market share) than teams whose members had cross-role preparation. Furthermore, participants who received role-specific preparation rated their teammates more highly on indicators of a transactive memory system (TMS)—especially specialization versus credibility and coordination—than did participants in cross-role teams. Results indicated that role-specific preparation set up the preconditions for a differentiated TMS, in which there is considerable individualized knowledge and skills, versus an integrated TMS, in which there is greater shared knowledge and skills. As a framework for future research, the authors propose a model that incorporates the key elements of a TMS, specifically, each team member’s task-relevant knowledge and skills, their subjective awareness of other member’s knowledge and skills, and the communication channels between members.

中文翻译:

决策团队的特定角色与跨角色准备。

作者测试了特定角色与跨角色准备对复杂的决策任务(特别是模拟业务管理团队)中后续团队级绩效的影响。在为模拟组建 3 人团队之前,参与者分别为一个特定的管理角色(营销、运营或财务)或轮流担任所有三个角色做好准备。此后,成员进行特定角色准备的团队在客观衡量业务绩效(即利润和市场份额)方面的表现明显优于成员进​​行跨角色准备的团队。此外,与跨角色团队的参与者相比,接受特定角色准备的参与者在交互记忆系统 (TMS) 指标上对队友的评价更高——尤其是专业化与可信度和协调性。结果表明,特定角色的准备为差异化的 TMS 设置了先决条件,其中有相当多的个性化知识和技能,而综合 TMS,其中有更多的共享知识和技能。作为未来研究的框架,作者提出了一个模型,该模型结合了 TMS 的关键要素,特别是每个团队成员与任务相关的知识和技能、他们对其他成员知识和技能的主观意识以及成员之间的沟通渠道。结果表明,特定角色的准备为差异化的 TMS 设置了先决条件,其中有相当多的个性化知识和技能,而综合 TMS,其中有更多的共享知识和技能。作为未来研究的框架,作者提出了一个模型,该模型结合了 TMS 的关键要素,特别是每个团队成员与任务相关的知识和技能、他们对其他成员知识和技能的主观意识以及成员之间的沟通渠道。结果表明,特定角色的准备为差异化的 TMS 设置了先决条件,其中有相当多的个性化知识和技能,而综合 TMS,其中有更多的共享知识和技能。作为未来研究的框架,作者提出了一个模型,该模型结合了 TMS 的关键要素,特别是每个团队成员与任务相关的知识和技能、他们对其他成员知识和技能的主观意识以及成员之间的沟通渠道。
更新日期:2018-03-01
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