Abstract This paper aimed to investigate the dominant runoff processes (DRP’s) at plot-scale in the Curvature Subcarpathians under natural rainfall conditions characteristic for Romania’s temperate environment. The study was based on 32 selected rainfall-runoff events produced during the interval April–September (2014–2017). By comparing water balance on the analyzed Luvisol plots for two types of land use (grassland vs. bare soil), we showed that DRP’s are mostly formed by Hortonian Overland Flow (HOF), 47% vs. 59% respectively. On grassland, HOF is followed by Deep Percolation (DP, 31%) and Fast Subsurface Flow (SSF, 22%), whereas, on bare soil, DP shows a higher percentage (38%) and SSF a lower one (3%), which suggests that the soil-root interface controls the runoff generation. Concerning the relationship between antecedent precipitation and runoff, the study indicated the nonlinearity of the two processes, more obvious on grassland and in drought conditions than on bare soil and in wet conditions (as demonstrated by the higher runoff coefficients). Moreover, the HOF appeared to respond differently to rainfall events on the two plots - slightly longer lag-time, lower discharge and lower volume on grassland - which suggests the hydrologic key role of vegetation in runoff generation processes.

中文翻译：

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温带环境下草地与裸土山坡的主要径流过程——一项实验研究

摘要 本文旨在研究在罗马尼亚温带环境特征的自然降雨条件下，曲率亚喀尔巴阡山脉的地块尺度上的主导径流过程（DRP）。该研究基于 4 月至 9 月（2014 年至 2017 年）期间产生的 32 次选定降雨径流事件。通过比较分析的 Luvisol 地块上两种土地利用类型（草地与裸土）的水平衡，我们发现 DRP 主要由 Hortonian Overland Flow (HOF) 形成，分别为 47% 和 59%。在草地上，HOF 紧随其后的是深层渗透（DP，31%）和快速地下流（SSF，22%），而在裸土上，DP 显示出更高的百分比（38%）而 SSF 显示出较低的百分比（3%） ，这表明土壤-根界面控制径流生成。关于前期降水与径流之间的关系，研究表明这两个过程的非线性，在草地和干旱条件下比在裸土和潮湿条件下更明显（如较高的径流系数所示）。此外，HOF 似乎对两个地块的降雨事件做出不同的反应——滞后时间稍长、排放量较低、草地体积较小——这表明植被在径流产生过程中的水文关键作用。