Abstract We analyse water balance, hydrological response, runoff and snow cover characteristics in the Jalovecký Creek catchment (area 22 km2, mean elevation 1500 m a.s.l.), Slovakia, in hydrological years 1989–2018 to search for changes in hydrological cycle of a mountain catchment representing hydrology of the highest part of the Western Carpathians. Daily air temperature data from two meteorological stations located in the studied mountain range (the Tatra Mountains) at higher elevations show that the study period is 0.1°C to 2.4°C warmer than the climatic standard period 1951–1980. Precipitation and snow depth data from the same stations do not allow to conclude if the study period is wetter/drier or has a decreasing snow cover. Clear trends or abrupt changes in the analysed multivariate hydrometric data time series are not obvious and the oscillations found in catchment runoff are not coherent to those found in catchment precipitation and air temperature. Several time series (flashiness index, number of flow reversals, annual and seasonal discharge maxima, runoff coefficients) indicate that hydrological cycle is more dynamic in the last years of the study period and more precipitation runs off since 2014. The snow cover characteristics and climatic conditions during the snow accumulation and melting period do not indicate pronounced changes (except the number of days with snowfall at the Kasprowy Wierch station since 2011). However, some data series (e.g. flow characteristics in March and June, annual versus summer runoff coefficients since 2014) suggest the changes in the cold period of the year.

中文翻译：

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原始山区流域水文循环变化分析[J]. 1. 水平衡成分和积雪

摘要 我们分析了 1989-2018 年斯洛伐克 Jalovecký Creek 流域（面积 22 平方公里，平均海拔 1500 米）的水平衡、水文响应、径流和积雪特征，以寻找山区流域水文循环的变化代表西喀尔巴阡山脉最高部分的水文。位于研究山脉（塔特拉山脉）海拔较高的两个气象站的每日气温数据显示，研究期间比气候标准期间 1951-1980 年高 0.1°C 至 2.4°C。来自相同站点的降水和积雪深度数据无法得出研究期间是否更湿/更干燥或积雪减少的结论。分析的多元水文数据时间序列的明显趋势或突变并不明显，流域径流中发现的振荡与流域降水和气温中发现的振荡不一致。几个时间序列（闪蒸指数、逆流次数、年和季节性流量最大值、径流系数）表明，研究期的最后几年水文循环更加活跃，自 2014 年以来更多的降水流失。 积雪特征和气候积雪和融雪期间的条件没有显示出明显的变化（除了自 2011 年以来 Kasprowy Wierch 站的降雪天数）。然而，一些数据系列（例如 3 月和 6 月的流量特征，