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Impact of Fruit Zone Sunlight Exposure on Ripening Profiles of Cold Climate Interspecific Hybrid Winegrapes
American Journal of Enology and Viticulture ( IF 2.630 ) Pub Date : 2019-03-19 , DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2019.18080
Jean Riesterer-Loper , Beth Ann Workmaster , Amaya Atucha

The introduction of cold climate interspecific hybrid grape (CCIHG) cultivars has stimulated a new wine industry in northern climates; however, high fruit acidity at harvest and limited information on fruit composition of these new cultivars make producing quality wines difficult. Organic acid and sugar profiles were determined during two growing seasons for Brianna, Frontenac, La Crescent, and Marquette under control and fruit zone exposure (“exposed”) treatments consisting of removing two to three leaves/shoot that were shading clusters and lateral shoots from the first three node positions, two weeks after fruit set. From veraison to harvest, glucose to fructose ratios ranged from 0.88 to 1.13, and tartaric to malic acid ratios ranged from 0.23 to 0.88 between years and cultivars. La Crescent and Frontenac had higher levels of acidity from veraison to harvest, mainly due to high levels of malic acid. The exposed treatment increased irradiance in the cluster zone, as well as berry temperature. Treatment effect on fruit glucose and fructose concentrations varied among cultivars and growing seasons. The exposed treatment reduced total titratable acidity, particularly malic acid concentrations in almost all evaluated cultivars. Leaf and lateral shoot removal just prior to veraison could be an effective tool to reduce acidity in CCIHG grown in cold climate regions with short growing seasons. In addition, this work highlights the need to develop independent fruit maturity standards for CCIHG, as opposed to relying on those established for Vitis vinifera cultivars.

中文翻译:

果区阳光照射对寒冷气候种间杂交葡萄成熟曲线的影响

寒冷气候种间杂交葡萄(CCIHG)品种的引进刺激了北方气候的新葡萄酒产业;然而,收获时水果酸度高,而且这些新品种的水果成分信息有限,这使得生产优质葡萄酒变得困难。在控制下的 Brianna、Frontenac、La Crescent 和 Marquette 和果区暴露(“暴露”)处理的两个生长季节期间确定有机酸和糖的分布,包括去除两到三片叶子/枝条,这些叶子/枝条是遮荫簇和侧枝前三个节点位置,坐果两周后。从品种到收获,葡萄糖与果糖的比率范围为 0.88 至 1.13,酒石酸与苹果酸的比率范围为 0.23 至 0.88 之间的年份和品种。La Crescent 和 Frontenac 从转色到收获期间的酸度都较高,这主要是因为苹果酸含量高。暴露处理增加了簇区的辐照度以及浆果温度。处理对果实葡萄糖和果糖浓度的影响因品种和生长季节而异。暴露处理降低了总可滴定酸度,尤其是几乎所有评估品种中的苹果酸浓度。在 veraison 之前去除叶子和侧枝可能是减少生长季节短的寒冷气候地区生长的 CCIHG 酸度的有效工具。此外,这项工作强调需要为 CCIHG 制定独立的水果成熟度标准,而不是依赖于为葡萄栽培品种建立的标准。暴露处理增加了簇区的辐照度以及浆果温度。处理对果实葡萄糖和果糖浓度的影响因品种和生长季节而异。暴露处理降低了总可滴定酸度,尤其是几乎所有评估品种中的苹果酸浓度。在 veraison 之前去除叶子和侧枝可能是减少生长季节短的寒冷气候地区生长的 CCIHG 酸度的有效工具。此外,这项工作强调需要为 CCIHG 制定独立的水果成熟度标准,而不是依赖于为葡萄栽培品种建立的标准。暴露处理增加了簇区的辐照度以及浆果温度。处理对果实葡萄糖和果糖浓度的影响因品种和生长季节而异。暴露处理降低了总可滴定酸度,尤其是几乎所有评估品种中的苹果酸浓度。在 veraison 之前去除叶子和侧枝可能是减少生长季节短的寒冷气候地区生长的 CCIHG 酸度的有效工具。此外,这项工作强调需要为 CCIHG 制定独立的水果成熟度标准,而不是依赖于为葡萄栽培品种建立的标准。暴露处理降低了总可滴定酸度,尤其是几乎所有评估品种中的苹果酸浓度。在 veraison 之前去除叶子和侧枝可能是减少生长季节短的寒冷气候地区生长的 CCIHG 酸度的有效工具。此外,这项工作强调需要为 CCIHG 制定独立的水果成熟度标准,而不是依赖于为葡萄栽培品种建立的标准。暴露处理降低了总可滴定酸度,尤其是几乎所有评估品种中的苹果酸浓度。在 veraison 之前去除叶子和侧枝可能是减少生长季节短的寒冷气候地区生长的 CCIHG 酸度的有效工具。此外,这项工作强调需要为 CCIHG 制定独立的水果成熟度标准,而不是依赖于为葡萄栽培品种建立的标准。
更新日期:2019-03-19
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