The three-cornered alfalfa hopper, Spissistilus festinus (Say) (Hemiptera: Membracidae) was identified as a vector of grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) in a greenhouse study. GRBV impacts berry maturation, resulting in reduced accumulation of total soluble solids, increased titratable acidity, and altered levels of secondary metabolites that affect color, flavor, and aroma of finished wine made from infected grapes. S. festinus feeds and reproduces on a variety of plant species found in and around vineyards, including certain cover crops and weeds. The suitability of 15 commonly planted cover crops for S. festinus adult feeding and oviposition was determined. In no-choice tests, purple vetch, berseem clover, annual ryegrass, buckwheat, Trios triticale, and Zorro fescue supported survival of adult S. festinus, oviposition, and emergence of nymphs. In contrast, orchard grass, creeping red fescue, fawn tall fescue, hard fescue, and California poppy did not support survival of adult S. festinus, nor were nymphs observed. Relative preference for hosts that supported nymph emergence was determined in choice tests. The legume species (purple vetch and berseem clover) exhibited higher nymph emergence than the nonlegume cover crops (Zorro fescue, Trios triticale, buckwheat, and annual ryegrass). Cultivating cover crops that do not support S. festinus survival or oviposition may aid in reducing the risk of S. festinus moving into and establishing in vineyards.

中文翻译：

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三角紫花苜蓿（Spissistilus festinus）非寄主覆盖作物的鉴定

在温室研究中，三角苜蓿漏斗 Spissistilus festinus (Say) (半翅目：Membracidae) 被鉴定为葡萄藤红斑病病毒 (GRBV) 的载体。GRBV 会影响浆果的成熟，导致总可溶性固体的积累减少，可滴定酸度增加，以及影响由受感染葡萄制成的成品酒的颜色、风味和香气的次级代谢物水平改变。S. festinus 以葡萄园内和周围发现的各种植物物种为食并繁殖，包括某些覆盖作物和杂草。确定了 15 种常用覆盖作物对 S. festinus 成虫取食和产卵的适宜性。在无选择测试中，紫云英、紫菀、一年生黑麦草、荞麦、黑小麦和佐罗羊茅支持成年 S.​​ festinus 的存活、产卵和若虫的出现。相比之下，果园草、匍匐红羊茅、小鹿高羊茅、硬羊茅和加州罂粟不支持成年 S.​​ festinus 的存活，也没有观察到若虫。在选择测试中确定了对支持若虫出现的宿主的相对偏好。豆科植物（紫云英和 berseem 三叶草）的若虫出现率高于非豆科覆盖作物（牛羊茅、黑小麦、荞麦和一年生黑麦草）。种植不支持 S. festinus 存活或产卵的覆盖作物可能有助于降低 S. festinus 进入葡萄园并在葡萄园中建立的风险。在选择测试中确定了对支持若虫出现的宿主的相对偏好。豆科植物（紫云英和 berseem 三叶草）的若虫出现率高于非豆科覆盖作物（牛羊茅、黑小麦、荞麦和一年生黑麦草）。种植不支持 S. festinus 存活或产卵的覆盖作物可能有助于降低 S. festinus 进入葡萄园并在葡萄园中建立的风险。在选择测试中确定了对支持若虫出现的宿主的相对偏好。豆科植物（紫云英和 berseem 三叶草）的若虫出现率高于非豆科覆盖作物（牛羊茅、黑小麦、荞麦和一年生黑麦草）。种植不支持 S. festinus 存活或产卵的覆盖作物可能有助于降低 S. festinus 进入葡萄园并在葡萄园中建立的风险。