Abstract Metal ions play critical roles in numerous fundamental life processes. Hence, there is a great need to effectively monitor and image metal ions. Fluorescent probes are one of the most effective methods for measuring metal ions. In general, according to the different recognition mechanisms of fluorescent probes, they can be divided into two categories: reversible probes and irreversible probes. Among the various fluorophores, rhodamine and fluorescein, as the typical representatives of xanthene, have been paid much attention in biological imaging due to their high absorption coefficient, high fluorescence quantum yield, and water solubility. This review highlights the recent advances on chelation-based xanthene fluorescent probes that have been used for detecting metal ions. The focus has been on the design strategies to improve the selectivity and sensitivity of fluorescent probes by introducing different recognition moieties. Meanwhile, their recognition mechanism and applications are particularly highlighted.

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金属离子呫吨荧光探针的设计策略及进展

摘要 金属离子在许多基本的生命过程中起着至关重要的作用。因此，非常需要有效地监测和成像金属离子。荧光探针是测量金属离子最有效的方法之一。一般来说，根据荧光探针识别机制的不同，可分为可逆探针和不可逆探针两大类。在各种荧光团中，罗丹明和荧光素作为呫吨的典型代表，因其高吸收系数、高荧光量子产率和水溶性而在生物成像中备受关注。本综述重点介绍了用于检测金属离子的基于螯合的呫吨荧光探针的最新进展。重点是通过引入不同的识别部分来提高荧光探针的选择性和灵敏度的设计策略。同时，它们的识别机制和应用尤为突出。