The long-term monitoring of car-body vibration displacement when a high-speed train passes through complex terrain sections in windy conditions has become an urgent engineering problem in China. However, few studies have focused on this topic, and an effective engineering long-term monitoring method is lacking in China. In this study, by combining the vibration characteristics and structural characteristics of railway vehicles, a real-time car-body displacement monitoring method to fulfill monitoring requirements was proposed, and a mathematical computational model based on space coordinate transformations to calculate the car-body displacements in operation was developed. Moreover, the comparison and the verification of the monitoring system accuracy were conducted using full-scale tests. The results showed that the displacement of the car-body relative to the bogie frame obtained through the system was consistent with the real vibration state of the car-body. Therefore, our monitoring system was reliable in reflecting the car-body vibration displacement changes in high-speed trains that were in motion.

高速列车在大风条件下通过复杂地形路段时车体振动位移的长期监测已成为我国亟待解决的工程问题。然而，针对这一主题的研究很少，国内缺乏有效的工程长期监测方法。本研究结合轨道车辆的振动特性和结构特点，提出了一种满足监测要求的车体位移实时监测方法，并建立了基于空间坐标变换的车体位移数学计算模型。在操作中被开发。此外，通过全尺寸测试对监测系统的准确性进行了比较和验证。结果表明，通过系统得到的车体相对于转向架的位移与车体的真实振动状态一致。因此，我们的监测系统能够可靠地反映高速列车行驶中的车体振动位移变化。