The paper is concerned with the issue of achieving the radiological equivalence (the equivalence of radiation risks) of radioactive waste of nuclear reactors and corresponding mass of natural uranium, taking into account the different migration ability of radionuclides in geological formations and soil. This migration radiological equivalence is being investigated for the deep burial of radioactive waste in the case of the development of a two-component nuclear power system with the concurrent use of thermal neutron reactors and fast neutron reactors. Calculations were performed of radiation doses and radiation risks of cancer death arising from consumption of drinking water from a well above a disposal site. The radiation risk relating to a two-component nuclear power system is lower than that from natural uranium; i.e., after reaching the radiological equivalence (100 y of storage) over the timescale of 109 y, the principle of migration radiological equivalence is satisfied. It would take 106 y after radioactive waste disposal to reach the migration radiological equivalence if only thermal reactors were operated. As regards consumption of well drinking water, the radiation risk does not exceed 10-5 y-1 for a two-component nuclear power system, while being 10-3 y-1 (socially unacceptable level) for a power system using only thermal reactors. Radionuclides 241Am, 239Pu, and 240Pu in drinking water make the main contribution to the doses and radiation risks of people for 104 y after the disposal of radioactive waste.

中文翻译：

---

深层地质处置库中双组分核废料的迁移放射学等效性评估。

本文关注的是实现核反应堆放射性废物与相应天然铀质量的放射性当量（辐射风险当量）的问题，同时考虑到放射性核素在地质构造和土壤中不同的迁移能力。在开发同时使用热中子反应堆和快中子反应堆的双组件核电系统的情况下，正在研究放射性废物深埋的这种迁移放射性等效性。计算了因饮用处置场上方井中的饮用水而导致的辐射剂量和癌症死亡的辐射风险。与双组件核电系统相关的辐射风险低于天然铀的辐射风险；即，在109 y的时间尺度内达到放射学等效性（存储100 y）后，满足迁移放射学等效性原理。如果仅运行热反应堆，放射性废物处置后需要106年才能达到迁移放射性当量。至于井饮用水的消耗，对于双组件核电系统，辐射风险不超过10-5 y-1，而对于仅使用热反应堆的电力系统，辐射风险不超过10-3 y-1（社会不可接受的水平） 。放射性废物处置后104年内，饮用水中的放射性核素241Am、239Pu和240Pu对人们的剂量和辐射风险贡献最大。