The digitization of the control systems in the main control room of a nuclear power plant has changed the operators' role in coping with accidents and has thus brought about new human factor problems. This article focuses on the procedures that are used for guiding the emergency operating procedures in a nuclear power plant, and experimentally investigates the effects of the digitization of procedures on operators' mental workload and situation awareness. In these experiments, the procedures at three different levels of automation, namely, paper-based procedures (PBPs), electronic procedures (EPs), and computer-based procedures (CBPs), are used as the independent variables. According to the experimental results, using these procedures at a high level of automation enables the operator to exhibit favorable operational performance with a decreased mental workload; however, the operator's situation awareness (SA) is decreased. The research results presented here can provide a reference level for optimally setting the level of automation of the emergency operating procedures in a nuclear power plant and provide support for the optimization of a corresponding HRA (Human Reliability Analysis) model.

中文翻译：

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核电厂应急操作程序自动化对人员绩效的影响。

核电站主控室控制系统的数字化改变了操作人员应对事故的角色，从而带来了新的人为因素问题。本文重点关注用于指导核电厂应急操作程序的程序，并通过实验研究了程序数字化对操作人员脑力负荷和态势感知的影响。在这些实验中，三个不同自动化级别的程序，即纸质程序（PBP）、电子程序（EP）和计算机程序（CBP）被用作自变量。根据实验结果，在高自动化水平下使用这些程序可以使操作员在减少脑力负担的情况下表现出良好的操作性能；然而，操作员的态势感知（SA）下降。研究结果可为核电厂应急运行程序自动化水平的优化设置提供参考，并为相应HRA（人类可靠性分析）模型的优化提供支撑。