The present study examined the effect of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, and immune response of juvenile white-leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in 100 m² lined ponds. Control (without B. subtilis) and experimental (with B. subtilis) diets were fed at 10% of animal body weight, four times daily for 6 weeks in duplicate ponds. Significantly increased final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, average daily growth, and survival rate were observed in the B. subtilis treated group (P < 0.05). Significantly higher (P < 0.05) digestive enzyme activities of protease, lipase, amylase, and cellulase were found in the B. subtilis supplemented diet fed group. At the end of trial, a challenge study, using Vibrio alginolyticus, found lower (15.00 ± 2.88%) cumulative mortality in the B. subtilis treated group compared to control (73.33 ± 3.33%). Activities of immune and antioxidant enzymes (phenoloxidase, SOD, and catalase) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the B. subtilis-incorporated diet fed group. Interestingly, histopathology of the hepatopancreas and intestine revealed that the B. subtilis-supplemented group showed no deformity. Overall, the study found inclusion of B. subtilis in P. vannamei diet improves growth, physiometabolic activities, and immunity, indicating B. subtilis as a potential probiotic for shrimp feed.

本研究在 100 m ²内衬池塘中检测了枯草芽孢杆菌对幼年白腿对虾 ( Litopenaeus vannamei )生长性能、消化酶活性和免疫反应的影响。对照（不含枯草芽孢杆菌）和实验（含枯草芽孢杆菌）日粮以动物体重的 10% 喂食，每天 4 次，共 6 周，重复池塘。枯草芽孢杆菌处理组的终重、增重、比生长率、平均日生长率和成活率均显着增加（P  < 0.05）。显着更高（P < 0.05) 在添加枯草芽孢杆菌的饲料喂养组中发现了蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶的消化酶活性。在试验结束时，一项使用溶藻弧菌的挑战研究发现，与对照组相比，枯草芽孢杆菌治疗组的累积死亡率较低 (15.00 ± 2.88%) (73.33 ± 3.33%)。 在添加枯草芽孢杆菌的饲料喂养组中，免疫和抗氧化酶（酚氧化酶、SOD 和过氧化氢酶）的活性显着升高（P < 0.05）。有趣的是，肝胰腺和肠道的组织病理学显示，添加枯草芽孢杆菌的组没有表现出畸形。总体而言，该研究发现包含B. subtilis在南美白对虾日粮中的含量提高了生长、生理代谢活动和免疫力，表明枯草芽孢杆菌是一种潜在的虾饲料益生菌。