Two-dimensional (2D) materials have displayed many remarkable physical properties, including 2D superconductivity, magnetism, and layer-dependent bandgaps. However, it is difficult for a single 2D material to meet complex practical requirements. Heterostructures obtained by vertically stacking different kinds of 2D materials have extensively attracted researchers’ attention because of their rich electronic features. With heterostructures, the constraints of lattice matching can be overcome. Meanwhile, high application potential has been explored for electronic and optoelectronic devices, including tunneling transistors, flexible electronics, and photodetectors. Specifically, graphene-based van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) by intercalation are emerging to realize various functional heterostructures-based electronic devices. Intercalating atoms under epitaxial graphene can efficiently decouple graphene from the substrate, and is expected to realize rich novel electronic properties in graphene. In this study, we systematically review the progress of the mono-element intercalation in graphene-based vdWHs, including the intercalation mechanism, intercalation-modified electronic properties, and the practical applications of 2D intercalated heterostructures. This work would inspire edge-cutting ideas in the scientific frontiers of 2D materials.

二维 (2D) 材料显示出许多卓越的物理特性，包括二维超导性、磁性和层相关带隙。然而，单一的二维材料很难满足复杂的实际需求。通过垂直堆叠不同种类的二维材料获得的异质结构因其丰富的电子特征而广泛引起了研究人员的关注。使用异质结构，可以克服晶格匹配的限制。同时，电子和光电器件的高应用潜力已经被探索出来，包括隧道晶体管、柔性电子器件和光电探测器。具体来说，基于石墨烯的范德华异质结构 (vdWHs) 正在出现，以实现各种基于功能异质结构的电子设备。在外延石墨烯下嵌入原子可以有效地将石墨烯与基板分离，有望在石墨烯中实现丰富的新型电子特性。在这项研究中，我们系统地回顾了基于石墨烯的 vdWH 中单元素嵌入的进展，包括嵌入机制、嵌入修饰的电子特性以及二维嵌入异质结构的实际应用。这项工作将激发二维材料科学前沿的前沿思想。插层改性的电子特性，以及二维插层异质结构的实际应用。这项工作将激发二维材料科学前沿的前沿思想。插层改性的电子特性，以及二维插层异质结构的实际应用。这项工作将激发二维材料科学前沿的前沿思想。