Target 19 of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 17 calls for the use of alternative measures of economic welfare in addition to Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) is an example of such a measure, including various non-market benefits and environmental and social costs unaccounted for in GDP. This study presents the results from the first estimate of the GPI for Iceland over the period 2000–2019. Iceland represents an interesting case study given its remoteness, environmental vulnerability, natural resource dependency, and fluctuating economic performance in recent years, which has featured a banking collapse and tourism-fuelled resurgence. The study finds that Iceland's GPI was equal to between 2.41 and 3.05 times the value of national GDP. Statistics for both GDP and the GPI peaked in 2019 at 2,970,076 (USD M 24,237) and 7,163,300 million ISK (USD M 58,443), respectively. Mean annual rates of per capita expansion for both GDP and the GPI were 2.1% and 0.6%, respectively. Despite the scale of the Icelandic GPI, the study also revealed non-negligible values for environmental and social costs which, in aggregate, were equal to between 17.8% and 25.4% of the value of consumption.

联合国可持续发展目标 17 的具体目标 19 要求使用除国内生产总值 (GDP) 之外的替代经济福利措施。真正的进步指标 (GPI) 就是这种衡量标准的一个例子，包括各种非市场收益以及未计入 GDP 的环境和社会成本。本研究展示了冰岛 2000-2019 年 GPI 首次估计的结果。鉴于冰岛地处偏远、环境脆弱、自然资源依赖和近年来波动的经济表现，冰岛是一个有趣的案例研究，其特点是银行倒闭和旅游业推动的复苏。研究发现，冰岛的 GPI 相当于国内生产总值的 2.41 至 3.05 倍。GDP 和 GPI 的统计数据分别在 2019 年达到峰值 2,970,076（24,237 美元）和 71,633 亿冰岛克朗（58,443 美元）。GDP 和 GPI 的人均年增长率分别为 2.1% 和 0.6%。尽管冰岛 GPI 的规模很大，但该研究还揭示了环境和社会成本的不可忽视的价值，总体而言，相当于消费价值的 17.8% 至 25.4%。