Autism is a condition manifested by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts, and, sensory processing difficulties may further affect childhood-occupation and hinders their overall development. This study examines the sensory-processing and childhood participation of children with autism (6 to 10 years), and ‘age/gender-matched typical children as control. The Sensory Processing (SSP) and the Participation of childhood-occupation (PICO) measures were used to collect data from 93 parents of children with autism and 95 parents of typically-developing’ children, recruited from hospitals, school and care centres. This study had 74 percent (n = 72) male participants (i.e. 4:1 male to female ratio) in the autism group, and found sensory processing difficulties were associated with specific childhood-participation limitation. Children with autism had lower participation (across level, frequency and enjoyment) than the typical children. Sensory-processing’ difficulties for the children with autism (n = 93) were at 68.8 percent, compared to 21.5 percent in the typical group (n = 95), and were significantly different (p < 0.001). The differences in sensory-processing difficulties were significant (p < 0.05) between groups, across all domains, except for movement sensitivity (p > 0.28). Auditory filtering was the sole sensory-processing difficulty with significant correlations with all three dimensions of participation [i.e. difficulty (r = 0.36, p < 0.01), frequency (r = 0.22, p < 0.05) and enjoyment (r = 0.27, p < 0.01)]. Our finding highlighted that auditory-filtering difficulties is a key sensory processing difficulty, and it significantly lower the childhood-participation in the autism group. Adding to a growing body of literature on assessment in autism, there is a need for early screening, and to engage parents in early intervention to improve specific sensory processing deficits but also to focus on the child’s strengths, for a comprehensive supportive care.

自闭症是一种在多种情况下持续存在社会沟通和社会互动缺陷的疾病，感觉处理困难可能进一步影响童年的职业并阻碍他们的整体发展。这项研究检查了自闭症儿童（6 至 10 岁）的感觉处理和童年参与，并将“年龄/性别匹配的典型儿童作为对照”。感官处理 (SSP) 和童年活动参与 (PICO) 措施用于从医院、学校和护理中心招募的 93 名自闭症儿童父母和 95 名正常发育儿童的父母那里收集数据。这项研究有 74%（n = 72) 自闭症组的男性参与者（即男女比例为 4:1），发现感觉处理困难与特定的儿童参与限制有关。自闭症儿童的参与度（跨级别、频率和乐趣）低于正常儿童。自闭症儿童 ( n  = 93) 的感觉处理困难为 68.8%，而典型组 ( n  = 95) 为 21.5%，差异显着 ( p  <  0.001)。除了运动敏感性( p >    0.28）。听觉过滤是唯一的感觉处理困难，与参与的所有三个维度显着相关[即难度（r = 0.36，p  <  0.01），频率（r = 0.22，p  <  0.05）和享受（r = 0.27，p  <  0.01)]。我们的发现强调，听觉过滤困难是一个关键的感觉处理困难，它显着降低了自闭症组的儿童参与度。除了越来越多关于自闭症评估的文献之外，还需要进行早期筛查，让父母参与早期干预以改善特定的感觉处理缺陷，同时关注孩子的优势，以获得全面的支持性护理。