Introduction. Maximum performance can only be achieved with an optimal balance of training and recovery. Already 15 years ago Jeukendrup & Hesselink (1994) mentioned that hints can be derived from lactate curves concerning a potential overreaching. In this small study we show the effects of a six-week standard infantry military training on performance capacity in young elite orienteers. The potentially induced overreaching and the ingoing alterations of heart rate patterns and lactate answers shall be analysed. Material & Methods. Five young elite orienteers (22.6 ± 0.52 years / 178.4 ± 7.6 cm / 66.4 ± 3.4 kg) completed an exhaustive treadmill test, first at one and a half year before, second at half a year before and third immediately after completing a six-week period of a session of a hard infantry military training. Results. After the six-week additional military training measurements of heart rate decreased at speed 10.8 km/h from 142.6 ± 11.6 to 129.2 ± 11.9 (p = .0192); at speed 12.6 km/h from 153.4 ± 11.4 to 141.2 ± 12.6 (p = .0192); at speed 14.4 km/h from 166.4 ± 10 to 155.4 ± 12.2 (p = .02); at speed 16.2 km/h from 177.4 ± 6.9 to 168.4 ± 6.5 (p = .0244); at speed 18 km/h from 186.2 ± 5.8 to 181.4 ± 3.6 (p = .0313) compared to the measurement half a year earlier. Discussion. We strongly believe that these lower average heart rates for submaximal speed stages cannot be assessed as positive in terms of performance but might be in accordance with a parasympathetic overreaching respectively parasympathetic stimulation. The increased parasympathetic tone probably required a correspondingly stronger sympathetic stimulus for activation, which, however, could not act as efficiently as after normal training conditions as athletes were not rested well yielding to a shift of the heart rate/performance curve in line with findings of Jeukendrup & Hesselink (1994) of lactate curve in cyclists already 15 years ago.

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6 周额外训练对表现能力的影响：副交感神经过度训练的提示？

介绍。只有在训练和恢复之间达到最佳平衡，才能获得最佳表现。早在 15 年前，Jeukendrup & Hesselink (1994) 就提到可以从乳酸曲线中得出有关潜在过度使用的提示。在这项小型研究中，我们展示了为期六周的标准步兵军事训练对年轻精英定向运动员的表现能力的影响。应分析可能引起的过度伸展和心率模式和乳酸答案的变化。材料和方法。五名年轻的精英定向运动员（22.6 ± 0.52 岁 / 178.4 ± 7.6 cm / 66.4 ± 3.4 kg）完成了详尽的跑步机测试，第一次是一年半前，第二次是前半年，第三次是在完成六周后立即完成一段艰苦的步兵军训时期。结果。经过六周的额外军事训练后，心率在速度为 10.8 公里/小时时从 142.6 ± 11.6 降至 129.2 ± 11.9 (p = .0192)；速度为 12.6 公里/小时，从 153.4 ± 11.4 到 141.2 ± 12.6 (p = .0192)；速度为 14.4 公里/小时，从 166.4 ± 10 到 155.4 ± 12.2 (p = .02)；速度为 16.2 公里/小时，从 177.4 ± 6.9 到 168.4 ± 6.5 (p = .0244)；与半年前的测量值相比，在 18 公里/小时的速度下，从 186.2 ± 5.8 到 181.4 ± 3.6 (p = .0313)。讨论。我们坚信，次最大速度阶段的这些较低的平均心率不能在性能方面被评估为积极的，但可能与副交感神经过度刺激或副交感神经刺激相一致。增加的副交感神经张力可能需要相应更强的交感神经刺激来激活，然而，