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Risk stratification in cardiogenic shock: a focus on the available evidence
Heart Failure Reviews ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-14 , DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10140-7
C Sciaccaluga 1 , G E Mandoli 1 , N Ghionzoli 1 , F Anselmi 1 , C Sorini Dini 1 , F Righini 1 , F Cesareo 1 , F D'Ascenzi 1 , M Focardi 1 , S Valente 1 , M Cameli 1
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Cardiogenic shock is a clinical syndrome which is defined as the presence of primary cardiac disorder that results in hypotension together with signs of organ hypoperfusion in the state of normovolaemia or hypervolaemia. It represents a complex life-threatening condition, characterized by a high mortality rate, that requires urgent diagnostic assessment as well as treatment; therefore, it is of paramount important to advocate for a thorough risk stratification. In fact, the early identification of patients that could benefit the most from more aggressive and invasive approaches could facilitate a more efficient resource allocation. This review attempts to critically analyse the current evidence on prognosis in cardiogenic shock, focusing in particular on clinical, laboratoristic and echocardiographic prognostic parameters. Furthermore, it focuses also on the available prognostic scores, highlighting the strengths and the possible pitfalls. Finally, it provides insights into future direction that could be followed in order to ameliorate risk stratification in this delicate subset of patients.



中文翻译:

心源性休克的风险分层:关注现有证据

心源性休克是一种临床综合征,定义为存在原发性心脏疾病,导致低血压以及在正常血容量或高血容量状态下器官灌注不足的迹象。它代表了一种复杂的危及生命的疾病,其特点是死亡率很高,需要紧急诊断评估和治疗;因此,提倡彻底的风险分层至关重要。事实上,早期识别可以从更具侵略性和侵入性方法中获益最多的患者可以促进更有效的资源分配。本综述试图批判性地分析目前关于心源性休克预后的证据,特别关注临床、实验室和超声心动图的预后参数。此外,它还侧重于可用的预后评分,突出优势和可能的缺陷。最后,它提供了对未来方向的见解,可以遵循这些方向,以改善这部分患者的风险分层。

更新日期:2021-07-15
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