Heating and cooling of buildings is responsible for almost 40% of the electricity demand and about 33% of greenhouse gas emissions. Because of the global energy and environment critical situation, there is a need to improve the energy efficiency of buildings and make them more sustainable. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the crushed rubber from unserviceable tires as an insulating material for walls and flat roofs and to provide an additional route for their reuse and deviation from landfills. An experimental rig is constructed and instrumented to determine the thermal conductivity of crushed rubber from used tires and the overall thermal conductivity of composite walls and roofs with crushed rubber insertion. Experimental measurements showed a thermal conductivity of crushed rubber of about 0.25 W/m. A conduction model is formulated for multilayered plane wall, discretized in explicit form and used to elaborate a home built code in MATLAB. The numerical code was tested and validated. Numerical investigation was done to analyze the effects of the wall thickness, thermal conductivity of the material, color, gap dimension and rubber filling on decrement factor, the time lag and total internal heat gain. The simulations indicated 21% reduction in the decrement factor and an increase of about 1.63 times in the lag in comparison with the plastered wall. The flat roof showed 23.3% reduction in solar heat gain, by increasing the rubber layer thickness from 15 to 25 cm.

建筑物的供暖和制冷占电力需求的近 40% 和温室气体排放的约 33%。由于全球能源和环境形势严峻，有必要提高建筑物的能源效率并使其更具可持续性。本研究的主要目的是研究从无法使用的轮胎中压碎的橡胶作为墙壁和平屋顶的绝缘材料，并为它们的再利用和远离垃圾填埋场提供额外的途径。构建并安装了一个实验装置，以确定来自旧轮胎的压碎橡胶的热导率以及带有压碎橡胶插入物的复合墙和屋顶的整体热导率。实验测量显示压碎橡胶的热导率约为 0.25 W/m。为多层平面壁制定了一个传导模型，以显式形式离散并用于在 MATLAB 中详细说明自制代码。数字代码经过测试和验证。数值研究分析了材料的壁厚、导热系数、颜色、间隙尺寸和橡胶填充对衰减因子、时间滞后和总内热增益的影响。模拟表明，与抹灰墙相比，递减因子减少了 21%，延迟增加了约 1.63 倍。通过将橡胶层厚度从 15 厘米增加到 25 厘米，平屋顶的太阳能热增益减少了 23.3%。数值研究分析了材料的壁厚、导热系数、颜色、间隙尺寸和橡胶填充对衰减因子、时间滞后和总内热增益的影响。模拟表明，与抹灰墙相比，递减因子减少了 21%，延迟增加了约 1.63 倍。通过将橡胶层厚度从 15 厘米增加到 25 厘米，平屋顶的太阳能热增益减少了 23.3%。数值研究分析了材料的壁厚、导热系数、颜色、间隙尺寸和橡胶填充对衰减因子、时间滞后和总内热增益的影响。模拟表明，与抹灰墙相比，递减因子减少了 21%，延迟增加了约 1.63 倍。通过将橡胶层厚度从 15 厘米增加到 25 厘米，平屋顶的太阳能热增益减少了 23.3%。