Introduction: There is a need to strengthen the standard surveillance of the opioid overdose crisis in the USA. The role of Google Trends (GT) was explored in this context. Methods: In this study, a systemic GT search was done for a period from January 2004 to December 2018. “Naloxone” and “drug overdose” were chosen as search inputs. By using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing, we locally regressed and smoothed the relative search data generated by the GT search. We conducted a changepoint analysis (CPA) to detect significant statistical changes in the “naloxone” trend from 2004 to 2018. Cross-correlation function analyses were done to examine the correlation between 2 time series: year-wise relative search volume (RSV) for “naloxone” and “drug overdose” with the age-adjusted drug overdose mortality rate. Pearson’s correlation was performed for the state-wise age-adjusted mortality rate due to drug overdose and RSV for “naloxone” and “drug overdose.” Results: Smoothed and regressed GT of “naloxone” were similar to the “opioid overdose” trend published by the National Center for Health Statistics. The CPA showed 2 statistically significant points in 2011 and 2015. CPA of year-wise RSV for “naloxone” and “drug overdose” showed significantly positive correlation with the age-adjusted drug overdose mortality at lag zero. State-wise RSV for “naloxone” and “drug overdose” too showed a strong and significant positive correlation with the state-wise mortality data. Discussion/Conclusion: Inexpensive, publicly accessible, real-time GT data could supplement and strengthen the monitoring of opioid overdose epidemic if used in conjunction with the existing official data sources.
Eur Addict Res

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谷歌趋势数据：监测阿片类药物危机的潜在新工具

简介：有必要加强对美国阿片类药物过量危机的标准监测。在此背景下探讨了 Google 趋势 (GT) 的作用。方法：在这项研究中，从 2004 年 1 月到 2018 年 12 月期间进行了系统性 GT 搜索。选择“纳洛酮”和“药物过量”作为搜索输入。通过使用局部加权散点图平滑，我们对 GT 搜索生成的相对搜索数据进行了局部回归和平滑处理。我们进行了变点分析 (CPA) 以检测 2004 年至 2018 年“纳洛酮”趋势的显着统计变化。进行了互相关函数分析以检查 2 个时间序列之间的相关性： “纳洛酮”和“药物过量”随年龄调整的药物过量死亡率。Pearson 的相关性是针对药物过量导致的各州年龄调整死亡率和“纳洛酮”和“药物过量”的 RSV。结果：“纳洛酮”的平滑和回归 GT 与国家卫生统计中心公布的“阿片类药物过量”趋势相似。CPA 在 2011 年和 2015 年显示 2 个具有统计学意义的点。“纳洛酮”和“药物过量”的年度 RSV 的 CPA 与滞后零时的年龄调整药物过量死亡率呈显着正相关。“纳洛酮”和“药物过量”的州 RSV 也与州死亡率数据显示出强烈且显着的正相关。讨论/结论：如果与现有官方数据源结合使用，廉价、可公开访问的实时 GT 数据可以补充和加强对阿片类药物过量流行的监测。
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