Characterized by multiple complex mutations, including activation by oncogenes and inhibition by tumor suppressors, cancer is one of the leading causes of death. Application of CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology in cancer research has aroused great interest, promoting the exploration of the molecular mechanism of cancer progression and development of precise therapy. CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology provides a solid basis for identifying driver and passenger mutations in cancer genomes, which is of great value in genetic screening and for developing cancer models and treatments. This article reviews the current applications of CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology in various cancer studies, the challenges faced, and the existing solutions, highlighting the potential of this technology for cancer treatment.

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CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术在癌症研究中的应用综述

以多种复杂突变为特征，包括癌基因的激活和肿瘤抑制因子的抑制，癌症是导致死亡的主要原因之一。CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术在癌症研究中的应用引起了人们极大的兴趣，推动了癌症进展分子机制的探索和精准治疗的发展。CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术为识别癌症基因组中的驾驶员和乘客突变提供了坚实的基础，这在基因筛查以及开发癌症模型和治疗方面具有重要价值。本文回顾了 CRISPR-Cas9 基因编辑技术目前在各种癌症研究中的应用、面临的挑战以及现有的解决方案，强调了该技术在癌症治疗中的潜力。