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The semantics of spatial demonstratives in Spanish: a Demonstrative Choice Task study
Language and Cognition ( IF 2.660 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-15 , DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2021.11
EMANUELA TODISCO 1 , ROBERTA ROCCA 2 , MIKKEL WALLENTIN 3
Affiliation  

abstractDemonstratives (this/that in English) are pivotal in communication. In this study, we show that semantic features of referents systematically influence speakers’ choices of demonstrative forms for Spanish nouns in the absence of a guiding context. We used the Demonstrative Choice Task (DCT), previously applied to two-term demonstrative languages (Danish, English, and Italian), and applied it to Spanish, a three-term demonstrative system (este/ese/aquel), to test if the semantic dimensions driving demonstrative choice overlap with those found for English. 1,639 native Spanish speakers were presented with 480 nouns rated along 76 semantic features and were asked to match each noun with a demonstrative. We found that demonstratives are influenced by the same semantic factors as two-term languages, such as manipulability, valence, and the self. In Spanish, these semantic factors predict the demonstrative choice between the proximal este/a and a combination of medial and distal forms ese/a and aquel/la. Additional semantic factors affect speakers’ preferences for ese/a versus aquel/a (e.g., visuality and time). We conclude that many of the semantic attractors influencing the choice of demonstratives are constant across languages, independent of the number of terms characterizing the demonstrative system, and provide a window into the landscape of meaning subserving linguistic reference.

中文翻译:

西班牙语空间指示语的语义:一项指示性选择任务研究

摘要示范(这个那个英语)在交流中至关重要。在这项研究中,我们表明,在没有指导语境的情况下,所指对象的语义特征系统地影响说话者对西班牙语名词指示形式的选择。我们使用了示范性选择任务 (DCT),以前应用于两词示范语言(丹麦语、英语和意大利语),并将其应用于西班牙语,一个三词示范系统(este/ese/aquel),以测试驱动示范性选择的语义维度是否与英语的语义维度重叠。向 1,639 名母语为西班牙语的人展示了 480 个名词以及 76 个语义特征,并被要求将每个名词与指示词相匹配。我们发现指示词受与二项语言相同的语义因素的影响,例如可操作性、效价和自我。在西班牙语中,这些语义因素预测了近端之间的示范性选择埃斯特/阿以及内侧和远端形式的组合埃塞/阿阿奎尔/洛杉矶额外的语义因素会影响说话者的偏好埃塞/阿相对aquel/a(例如,视觉和时间)。我们得出的结论是,许多影响指示词选择的语义吸引子在不同语言中是恒定的,与表征指示系统的术语数量无关,并提供了一个窗口,可以了解支持语言参考的意义景观。
更新日期:2021-07-15
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