Research suggests that evaluative responses to an object can be jointly influenced by the mere co-occurrence of the object with a pleasant or unpleasant stimulus (e.g., mere co-occurrence of object A with unpleasant event B) and the qualitative relation of the object to that stimulus (e.g., object A starts vs. stops unpleasant event B). Expanding on these findings, the current research investigated effects of mere co-occurrence and quantitative relations (e.g., product A includes more vs. less of unhealthy ingredient B) on attribute judgments. Seven experiments obtained strong effects of quantitative relations and rather weak evidence for mere co-occurrence effects. Although processing conditions during encoding and judgment moderated effects of quantitative relations in a manner consistent with the predictions of extant theories, the evidence for predicted moderators of mere co-occurrence effects was mixed. The results are explained via a combination of propositional inferences during learning and selective retrieval during judgment.

研究表明，对一个客体的评价反应可以受到客体与愉快或不愉快刺激的单纯共现（例如，对象 A 与不愉快的事件 B 的共现）以及客体与不愉快事件的定性关系的共同影响。该刺激（例如，对象 A 开始与停止不愉快的事件 B）。扩展这些发现，当前的研究调查了单纯的共现和数量关系（例如，产品 A 包含更多与更少的不健康成分 B）对属性判断的影响。七个实验获得了定量关系的强烈影响，而仅仅共现效应的证据则相当弱。尽管编码和判断过程中的处理条件以与现有理论预测一致的方式缓和了数量关系的影响，预测的调节因素仅仅是同时发生效应的证据是混合的。结果通过学习期间的命题推理和判断期间的选择性检索相结合来解释。