Invasive species, disease vectors, and pathogens are significant threats to biodiversity, ecosystem function and services, and human health. Understanding the optimal management strategy, which maximizes the effectiveness is crucial. Despite an abundance of theoretical work has conducted on projecting the optimal allocation strategy, almost no empirical work has been performed to validate the theory. We first used a consumer-resource model to simulate a series of allocation fractions of controlling treatment to determine the optimal controlling strategy. Further, we conducted rigorous laboratory experiments using spatially diffusing laboratory populations of yeast to verify our mathematical results. We found consistent results that: (1) When population growth is limited by the local resource, the controlling priority should be given to the areas with higher concentration of resource; (2) When population growth is not limited by the resource concentration, the best strategy is to allocate equal amount of controlling efforts among the regions; (3) With restricted budget, it is more efficient to prioritize the controlling effects to the areas with high population abundance, otherwise, it is better to control equally among the regions. The new theory, which was tested by laboratory experiments, will reveal new opportunities for future field interventions, thereby informing subsequent biological decision-making.

入侵物种、疾病媒介和病原体是对生物多样性、生态系统功能和服务以及人类健康的重大威胁。了解可以最大限度提高有效性的最佳管理策略至关重要。尽管在预测最优配置策略方面进行了大量的理论工作，但几乎没有进行实证工作来验证该理论。我们首先使用消费者资源模型来模拟一系列控制处理的分配分数，以确定最优控制策略。此外，我们使用空间扩散的实验室酵母菌群进行了严格的实验室实验，以验证我们的数学结果。我们发现一致的结果是：（1）当人口增长受到当地资源的限制时，对资源集中度较高的地区优先控制；(2)当人口增长不受资源集中度的限制时，最好的策略是在区域之间分配等量的控制力度；(3)在预算有限的情况下，优先控制人口丰度高的地区更有效率，否则，最好在地区间平均控制。通过实验室实验测试的新理论将为未来的现场干预揭示新的机会，从而为后续的生物学决策提供信息。优先控制人口丰度高的地区效率更高，否则，最好在区域之间进行平均控制。通过实验室实验测试的新理论将为未来的现场干预揭示新的机会，从而为后续的生物学决策提供信息。优先控制人口丰度高的地区效率更高，否则，最好在区域之间进行平均控制。通过实验室实验测试的新理论将为未来的现场干预揭示新的机会，从而为后续的生物学决策提供信息。