ABSTRACT

The topic of women’s and girls’ rights, access and inclusion in sport and physical activity has become a mainstay of sporting and non-sporting organisational discourse. Notwithstanding, there is little published on why, how and who enabled these topics to become politicised to this extent. For example, academic texts state key moments for the advancement of women and sport, such as conferences and resolutions, but rarely provide further detail. By explaining how transnational women and sport advocacy groups lobbied the United Nations (UN) and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) into actions for women and sport in the mid-1990s, this article adds to knowledge about how advocacy groups in international sport succeeded in working together to collectively effect change despite demonstrating contention amongst one another. Data from archival analysis of papers and correspondence of key agents involved in these processes were complemented with semi-structured interviews with some of the same individuals decades later. Using terms and concepts from social movement studies, the article shows how the International Working Group on Women and Sport (IWG) and WomenSport International (WSI) developed in relation to each other and the political environment in which they were playing a key role in shaping. Their relationship was not straightforward, due in part to the formations and structure of each group, but their purposive efforts with other agents contributed to a collective endeavour that achieved milestones for the political legitimacy of women and sport.

摘要

妇女和女童的权利、参与和参与体育和体育活动的话题已成为体育和非体育组织讨论的主要内容。尽管如此，关于为什么、如何和谁使这些话题政治化到这种程度的文章很少。例如，学术文本陈述了提高妇女地位和体育运动的关键时刻，例如会议和决议，但很少提供进一步的细节。通过解释跨国妇女和体育倡导团体如何在 1990 年代中期游说联合国 (UN) 和国际奥林匹克委员会 (IOC) 采取行动促进妇女和体育，这篇文章增加了关于国际体育倡导团体如何成功的知识尽管彼此之间存在争执，但共同努力共同实现变革。几十年后，对参与这些过程的关键代理人的论文档案分析和通信数据进行了半结构化访谈，以补充这些数据。本文使用社会运动研究中的术语和概念，展示了国际妇女与体育工作组 (IWG) 和国际妇女运动 (WSI) 如何相互发展，以及它们在塑造运动方面发挥关键作用的政治环境. 他们的关系并不简单，部分原因在于每个团体的组成和结构，但他们与其他代理人的有目的的努力促成了一项集体努力，在妇女和体育的政治合法性方面取得了里程碑式的成就。