Global challenges of climate change, environmental control, and energy conservation are persisting. In museum buildings, facing these challenges is prominent to achieve the sustainability of our cultural heritage. Controlling the microclimate of the indoor environment in exhibitions where artefacts are conserved, stored and exhibited is a critical challenge that faces museums not only in Egypt but worldwide as well. The aim of this paper is to analyze the main operational practices for rational environmental control that consider preservation and conservation requirements. In order to achieve the objective of this paper, a literature review of recent papers discussing this problem has been performed and analyzed. Then, a survey was conducted to analyze the operation practices in museums in Egypt. At last, environmental assessment criteria were suggested to manage the museum indoor environment to conserve energy and preserve artefacts. The findings of this paper could guide those involved in decision making and setting legislations in Egyptian museums.

气候变化、环境控制和节能等全球性挑战持续存在。在博物馆建筑中，面临这些挑战对于实现我们文化遗产的可持续性至关重要。在保护、储存和展示文物的展览中控制室内环境的微气候是埃及乃至全世界博物馆都面临的一项重大挑战。本文的目的是分析考虑保护和保护要求的合理环境控制的主要操作实践。为了实现本文的目标，对最近讨论这个问题的论文进行了文献综述和分析。然后，进行了一项调查，以分析埃及博物馆的运营实践。最后，建议采用环境评估标准来管理博物馆的室内环境，以节约能源和保护文物。本文的研究结果可为参与埃及博物馆决策和制定立法的人员提供指导。