The sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka, 1867) is a commercially important cultured animal; however, due to the weakened immunity of A. japonicus or the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria, various diseases are emerging during aquaculture of this species. Antibiotics are effective agents to control bacterial infection to a certain degree, but they have the drawbacks of generating antibiotic resistant bacteria, destructing microbial ecosystems, and finally deteriorating the environment and the host. Thus, the exploration of effective and ecofriendly alternatives to prevent bacterial infection has increasingly attracted much attention. In this review, the ecofriendly agents including immunostimulants to enhance the immune responses of A. japonicus and the antagonists to inhibit the bacterial pathogens are summarized and evaluated to better the knowledge and the practice in the conquering various bacterial diseases in aquaculture of A. japonicus.

海参Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka, 1867) 是一种重要的商业养殖动物；然而，由于日本刺参免疫力减弱或病原菌泛滥，导致该种养殖过程中出现各种疾病。抗生素在一定程度上是控制细菌感染的有效药剂，但存在产生耐药菌、破坏微生物生态系统，最终使环境和宿主恶化的弊端。因此，探索有效和环保的替代方法来预防细菌感染越来越受到人们的关注。在这篇综述中，包括免疫刺激剂在内的生态友好剂可增强日本刺参的免疫反应对抑制细菌性病原菌的拮抗剂进行了总结和评价，以期加深对日本河豚养殖中各种细菌病害防治的认识和实践。