Abstract

The photoionization dynamics of Rydberg hydrogen atom in a space-dependent magnetic field has been studied for the first time. Because of the non-uniform magnetic field, this system is non-integrable, and its dynamics becomes more complex than that in a uniform magnetic field. The exact analytic electron wave function can not be obtained by solving the Schrödinger equation quantum mechanically, instead, it can be constructed within the framework of the semiclassical EBKM scheme, which gives the correspondence between the quantum wave function and a family of classical electron trajectories. The observed oscillatory structures in the electron probability density distributions on the detector plane can be understood by considering the accumulated phase among different classical trajectories by which the electron moves from the atom to the detector. The calculation results suggest that the patterns of the photoionization microscopy can be modulated by changing the scaled energy, the position of the detector plane and the initial state wave function. Once the photoionization microscopy image on the detector has been measured in the experiment, it can be used to recover the angular distribution of the electron wave function. Our work provides a convincing semiclassical interpretation of the photoionization microscopy image and the underlying classical dynamics, and may guide future experimental study on the photoionization microscopy of the Rydberg atom in the non-uniform magnetic fields.

Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

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空间相关磁场中里德堡原子的光电离动力学

摘要

首次研究了空间相关磁场中里德堡氢原子的光电离动力学。由于非均匀磁场，该系统是不可积的，其动力学变得比均匀磁场更复杂。精确的解析电子波函数不能通过量子力学求解薛定谔方程来获得，而是可以在半经典 EBKM 方案的框架内构建，该方案给出了量子波函数与经典电子轨迹族之间的对应关系。通过考虑电子从原子移动到探测器的不同经典轨迹之间的累积相位，可以理解探测器平面上电子概率密度分布中观察到的振荡结构。计算结果表明，可以通过改变标度能量、探测器平面的位置和初始状态波函数来调制光电离显微镜的图案。一旦在实验中测量了探测器上的光电离显微图像，就可以使用它来恢复电子波函数的角分布。我们的工作为光电离显微图像和潜在的经典动力学提供了令人信服的半经典解释，并可能指导未来在非均匀磁场中里德堡原子的光电离显微实验研究。一旦在实验中测量了探测器上的光电离显微图像，就可以使用它来恢复电子波函数的角分布。我们的工作为光电离显微图像和潜在的经典动力学提供了令人信服的半经典解释，并可能指导未来在非均匀磁场中里德堡原子的光电离显微实验研究。一旦在实验中测量了探测器上的光电离显微图像，就可以使用它来恢复电子波函数的角分布。我们的工作为光电离显微图像和潜在的经典动力学提供了令人信服的半经典解释，并可能指导未来在非均匀磁场中里德堡原子的光电离显微实验研究。

图形摘要