In recent years, electricity transmission systems' planning has become a subject of significant discussions worldwide due to increasing investments in renewable power and the need to optimize resources. Planning results directly affect the price of electricity for the final consumers; therefore, it is necessary to determine precise, robust, and relevant plans for the system expansion. Optimization techniques have been successfully employed in several problems associated with transmission line expansion planning, with emphasis on electricity interconnections, routing studies, and tower spotting, among others. The use of these techniques is intended to support planning processes with information that will assist the analyst in the pursuit of defined goals. The present work proposes a methodology based on dynamic programming that seeks to obtain the optimal spotting of transmission towers considering environmental (type of land use, slope, and geotechnical class of the terrain) and engineering characteristics (minimum distance between the electric conductor and ground and tensions supported of each tower type) associated with the problem. The methodology is tested in two different case studies including a real transmission line project with 39 km of extension. The results obtained show, approximately, 3.8% of cost savings obtained using the proposed approach when comparing with the real transmission line project. We also note that it is possible to verify a great similarity between the tower arrangements defined in the real project and the optimal decisions generated by the proposed approach, demonstrating its usefulness as a tool to support decision-making in early stages of investment planning and long-term auctions.

中文翻译：

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考虑工程和环境因素的电力系统中的输电塔定位：一种动态规划方法

近年来，由于对可再生能源的投资增加和优化资源的需要，输电系统的规划已成为全球范围内重要讨论的主题。规划结果直接影响最终消费者的电价；因此，有必要为系统扩展确定精确、稳健和相关的计划。优化技术已成功应用于与输电线路扩展规划相关的几个问题，重点是电力互连、路由研究和塔点定位等。这些技术的使用旨在通过信息来支持规划过程，这些信息将有助于分析人员实现既定目标。目前的工作提出了一种基于动态规划的方法，该方法旨在考虑环境（土地利用类型、坡度和地形岩土类别）和工程特性（电导体与地面和地面之间的最小距离和与问题相关的每种塔类型支持的张力。该方法在两个不同的案例研究中进行了测试，包括一个延长 39 公里的真实输电线路项目。获得的结果表明，与实际输电线路项目相比，使用所提出的方法节省了大约 3.8% 的成本。我们还注意到，可以验证实际项目中定义的塔式布置与所提出的方法生成的最佳决策之间的极大相似性，